Paravalvular Regurgitation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement : Incidence, Mechanism, and Interventional Management

Experience with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) techniques is rapidly expanding, driven primarily by technological advances in device design and positive clinical outcomes across various patient populations. Paravalvular leak (PVL), a known complication of TAVR associated with less favorable clinical outcomes, has progressively been addressed with improvements in the sealing mechanisms of transcatheter heart valves and with the development of strategies aimed at mitigating or even eliminating its clinical impact. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of PVL after TAVR, examining etiology, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies. By synthesizing current evidence and highlighting recent advances, the aim is to contribute to ongoing efforts to optimize TAVR outcomes and reduce the burden of PVL in this rapidly evolving field.