Characterization and quantification of LiPF6 extracted from lithium-ion batteries via heteronuclear NMR and ERETIC software

The growing volume of electronic waste (e-waste), particularly end-of-life (EoL) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), poses significant environmental challenges. With EU regulations aiming for ambitious recovery rates of critical metals, such as lithium, by 2030–2031 [1], the need for efficient, scalable, and environmentally friendly recycling methods of these devices is urgent. LiPF6 is currently the most used lithium salt for LIBs as an electrolyte, but it has various drawbacks regarding its stability, which usually contributes to the aging and eventually failing of the battery [2]. The first part of this presentation will be focused on a study about 31P and 19F NMR spectra executed on LiPF6 to characterize its decomposition byproducts. The second part of the presentation will go in the details about how 31P NMR coupled with the ERETIC software [3] can be used to quantify the lithium salt extracted from LIB scraps. Referenze [1] European Parliament, Official Journal of the European Union L 191, 28.7.2023, 1-117, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj [2] B. Vortmann, S. Nowak, and C. Engelhard, Analytical Chemistry 85(6), 3433-3438 (2013) [3] L. Barantin, A. Le Pape, and S. Akoka, Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 38(2), 179-182 (2005)