Otitis media, particularly otitis media with effusion (OME) and recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM), are among the most common conditions in pediatric age and represent a diagnostic and management challenge for primary care pediatricians. An accurate differential diagnosis is crucial to prevent inappropriate treatments and avoid long-term complications, particularly those affecting language development and hearing. The approach to OME generally involves a strategy of watchful waiting, with surgical intervention reserved for cases that persist or become complicated. For RAOM, the use of antibiotics should be carefully evaluated on a case-by-case basis, while promoting preventive measures such as vaccination and reducing environmental risk factors. Special attention must be paid to symptom management, particularly fever and pain, which significantly affect the child’s quality of life. In these cases, the use of analgesics and antipyretics (such as ibuprofen or paracetamol) represents the cornerstone of symptomatic treatment, regardless of the need for antibiotic therapy. The integration of clinical monitoring, targeted treatment, and family involvement is key to effective, patient-centered management.
Le otiti medie, in particolare l’otite media con effusione (OME) e l’otite media acuta ricorrente (OMAR), sono tra le condizioni più comuni in età pediatrica e rappresentano una sfida diagnostica e gestionale per il pediatra di libera scelta. Una corretta diagnosi differenziale è fondamentale per evitare trattamenti inappropriati e prevenire complicanze a lungo termine, soprattutto sullo sviluppo del linguaggio e dell’udito. L’approccio alla OME prevede generalmente la strategia della vigile attesa, riservando l’intervento chirurgico ai casi persistenti o complicati. Per l’OMAR, è essenziale valutare caso per caso l’uso dell’antibiotico, promuovendo nel contempo misure preventive come la vaccinazione e la riduzione dei fattori di rischio ambientali. Un’attenzione particolare deve essere riservata alla gestione dei sintomi, soprattutto febbre e dolore, che impattano significativamente sulla qualità di vita del bambino. In questi casi, l’uso di analgesici e antipiretici (come ibuprofene o paracetamolo) rappresenta il cardine del trattamento sintomatico, indipendentemente dalla necessità o meno della terapia antibiotica. L’integrazione tra sorveglianza clinica, trattamento mirato e coinvolgimento della famiglia costituisce il fulcro di una gestione efficace e centrata sul paziente.
Otite media con effusione e otite media acuta ricorrente: l’approccio terapeutico in pediatria / M. Aldè, G.M. Di Pietro, G.P. Milani, P. Marchisio. - In: RIFLESSIONI UNIVERSO PEDIATRIA. - ISSN 2039-8344. - 20:3(2025), pp. 3-11.
Otite media con effusione e otite media acuta ricorrente: l’approccio terapeutico in pediatria
M. AldèPrimo
;G.M. Di PietroSecondo
;G.P. MilaniPenultimo
;P. MarchisioUltimo
2025
Abstract
Otitis media, particularly otitis media with effusion (OME) and recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM), are among the most common conditions in pediatric age and represent a diagnostic and management challenge for primary care pediatricians. An accurate differential diagnosis is crucial to prevent inappropriate treatments and avoid long-term complications, particularly those affecting language development and hearing. The approach to OME generally involves a strategy of watchful waiting, with surgical intervention reserved for cases that persist or become complicated. For RAOM, the use of antibiotics should be carefully evaluated on a case-by-case basis, while promoting preventive measures such as vaccination and reducing environmental risk factors. Special attention must be paid to symptom management, particularly fever and pain, which significantly affect the child’s quality of life. In these cases, the use of analgesics and antipyretics (such as ibuprofen or paracetamol) represents the cornerstone of symptomatic treatment, regardless of the need for antibiotic therapy. The integration of clinical monitoring, targeted treatment, and family involvement is key to effective, patient-centered management.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Otite-media-Rivista-Riflessioni-NUMERO-3-2025.pdf
accesso riservato
Tipologia:
Publisher's version/PDF
Licenza:
Nessuna licenza
Dimensione
1.14 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.14 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri Richiedi una copia |
Pubblicazioni consigliate
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.




