Exploring the mechanisms of transformative social innovation: empirical data through a systematic literature review

This article examines the mechanisms of Transformative Social Innovation (TSI), which seeks to challenge and replace dominant institutions for societal change. Despite growing interest, little research explores TSI mechanisms and their interactions. Through a systematic review of 44 articles, we identify four categories of mechanisms: empowerment, power, economic, and normative. These mechanisms enhance agency, shift power dynamics, mobilise resources, and reshape values. Their interactions are crucial for large-scale transformation. By mapping these dynamics, this research offers insights into TSI’s theoretical and practical applications, deepening understanding of its role in addressing complex societal challenges.