Liver injury in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: An International observational cohort study

Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, B.K.; Bishnu, S.; Baruch, J.; Citarella, B.W.; Kartsonaki, C.; Meeyai, A.; Mohamed, Z.; Ohshimo, S.; Lefèvre, B.; Al-Fares, A.; Calvache, J.A.; Taccone, F.S.; Olliaro, P.; Merson, L.; Adhikari, N.K.J.; Abdukahil, S.A.; Abdulkadir, N.N.; Abe, R.; Abel, L.; Abrous, A.; Absil, L.; Acker, A.; Adam, E.; Adriã£o, D.; Ageel, S.A.; Ainscough, K.; Hssain, A.A.; Tamlihat, Y.A.; Akimoto, T.; Akmal, E.; Qasim, E.A.; Alberti, A.; Al-dabbous, T.; Alegesan, S.; Alessi, M.; Alex, B.; Alexandre, K.; Al-Fares, A.; Alfoudri, H.; Ali, I.; Alidjnou, K.E.; Aliudin, J.; Allavena, C.; Allou, N.; Alves, J.M.; Alves, R.; Cabrita, J.A.; Amaral, M.; Amira, N.; Ampaw, P.; Andrejak, C.; Angheben, A.; Angoulvant, F.; Ansart, S.; Anthonidass, S.; Brito, C.A.A.D.; Apriyana, A.; Arabi, Y.; Aragao, I.; Arancibia, F.; Araujo, C.; Arcadipane, A.; Archambault, P.; Arenz, L.; Arlet, J.; Arnold-Day, C.; Arora, L.; Arora, R.; Artaud-Macari, E.; Aryal, D.; Ashraf, M.; Asif, N.; Assie, J.B.; Asyraf, A.; Atif, M.; Atique, A.; Auchabie, J.; Aumaitre, H.; Auvet, A.; Azemar, L.; Azoulay, C.; Bach, B.; Bachelet, D.; Badr, C.; Baig, N.; Baillie, J.K.; Bak, E.; Bakar, N.A.; Bal, A.; Balakrishnan, M.; Balan, V.; Bani-Sadr, F.; Barbalho, R.; Barbosa, N.Y.; Barclay, W.S.; Barnett, S.U.; Barnikel, M.; Barrelet, A.; Barrigoto, C.; Bartoli, M.; Baruch, J.; Basmaci, R.; Basri, M.F.H.; Bauer, J.; Rincon, D.F.B.; Beane, A.; Bedossa, A.; Bee, K.H.; Begum, H.; Behilill, S.; Beishuizen, A.; Beljantsev, A.; Bellemare, D.; Beltrame, A.; Beltrã£o, B.A.; Beluze, M.; Benech, N.; Benjiman, L.E.; Benkerrou, D.; Bennett, S.; Bento, L.; Berdal, J.; Bergeaud, D.; Bergin, H.; Bertoli, G.; Bessis, S.; Bevilcaqua, S.; Bezulier, K.; Bhatt, A.; Bhavsar, K.; Bianco, C.; Bidin, F.N.; Singh, M.B.; Humaid, F.B.; Kamarudin, M.N.B.; Bissuel, F.; Biston, P.; Bitker, L.; Blier, C.; Blot, M.; Blumberg, L.; Bodenes, L.; Bogaert, D.; Boivin, A.; Bolaã±os, I.; Bolze, P.; Bompart, F.; Borges, D.; Borie, R.; Botelho-Nevers, E.; Bouadma, L.; Bouchaud, O.; Bouchez, S.; Bouhmani, D.; Bouhour, D.; Bouiller, K.; Bouillet, L.; Bouisse, C.; Boureau, A.; Bourke, J.; Bouscambert, M.; Bousquet, A.; Bouziotis, J.; Boxma, B.; Boyer-Besseyre, M.; Boylan, M.; Bozza, F.A.; Braconnier, A.; Braga, C.; Monteiro, F.B.; Brazzi, L.; Breen, D.; Brickell, K.; Browne, S.; Brusse-Keizer, M.; Bryda, P.; Buchtele, N.; Bugaeva, P.; Buisson, M.; Burhan, E.; Burrell, A.; Bustos, I.G.; Butnaru, D.; Cabie, A.; Caceres, E.; Cadoz, C.; Garcãªs, R.C.; Calvache, J.A.; Camãµes, J.; Campana, V.; Campbell, P.; Canepa, C.; Caraux-Paz, P.; Cardellino, C.S.; Cardoso, F.; Cardoso, F.; Cardoso, N.; Cardoso, S.; Carlier, N.; Carmoi, T.; Carney, G.; Carqueja, I.; Carret, M.; Carrier, F.M.; Carson, G.; Casanova, M.; Cascã£o, M.; Casey, S.; Casimiro, J.; Cassandra, B.; Castaã±eda, S.; Castanheira, N.; Castor-Alexandre, G.; Castro, I.; Catherine, F.; Cattaneo, P.; Cavalin, R.; Cavayas, A.; Cervantes-Gonzalez, M.; Chair, A.; Chakveatze, C.; Chan, A.; Chand, M.; Auger, C.C.; Chapplain, J.; Charpentier, C.; Chas, J.; Chen, A.; Chen, Y.; Chenard, L.; Cheng, M.P.; Cheret, A.; Chiarabini, T.; Chica, J.; Chidambaram, S.K.; Tho, L.C.; Chirouze, C.; Chiumello, D.; Cholley, B.; Chopin, M.; Chow, T.S.; Chua, H.J.; Chua, J.; Cidade, J.P.; Citarella, B.W.; Ciullo, A.; Clarke, E.; Granado, R.C.; Clohisey, S.; Codan, C.; Coelho, A.; Coles, M.; Colin, G.; Collins, M.; Colombo, S.M.; Combs, P.; Connolly, J.; Connor, M.; Conrad, A.; Cooke, G.S.; Copland, M.; Cordel, H.; Corley, A.; Cornelis, S.; Cornet, A.D.; Corpuz, A.J.; Cortegiani, A.; Corvaisier, G.; Costigan, E.; Couffignal, C.; Couffin-Cadiergues, S.; Courtois, R.; Cousse, S.; Cregan, R.; Croonen, S.; Crowl, G.; Crump, J.; Cruz, C.; Csete, M.; Cummings, M.; Curlier, E.; Curran, C.; Custodio, P.; Filipe, A.D.S.; Silveira, C.D.; Dabaliz, A.; Dagens, A.; Dahly, D.; Dalton, H.; Dalton, J.; Daly, S.; Damas, J.; Daneman, N.; Daniel, C.; Dankwa, E.A.; Dantas, J.; Montmollin, E.D.; Franã§a, R.F.D.O.; Oliveira, A.I.D.P.; Silva, T.D.; Vries, P.D.; Dean, D.; Debard, A.; Debray, M.; Decastro, N.; Dechert, W.; Deconninck, L.; Decours, R.; Defous, E.; Delacroix, I.; Delaveuve, E.; Delavigne, K.; Delfos, N.M.; Deligiannis, I.; Dellâ€™Amore, A.; Delmas, C.; Delobel, P.; Delsing, C.; Demonchy, E.; Denis, E.; Deplanque, D.; Depuydt, P.; Desai, M.; Descamps, D.; Desvallã©es, M.; Dewayanti, S.; Dhanger, P.; Diallo, A.; Diamantis, S.; Silva, F.D.D.; Diaz, P.; Diaz, R.; Didier, K.; Diehl, J.; Dieperink, W.; Dimet, J.; Dinot, V.; Diop, F.; Diouf, A.; Dishon, Y.; Djossou, F.; Docherty, A.B.; Donnelly, C.A.; Donohue, C.; Donohue, S.; Donohue, Y.; Doran, P.; Dorival, C.; Dâ€™Ortenzio, E.; Douglas, J.J.; Dournon, N.; Downer, T.; Downey, J.; Downing, M.; Drake, T.; Dryden, M.; Fonseca, C.D.; Dubee, V.; Dubos, F.; Ducancelle, A.; Duculan, T.; Dudman, S.; Duggal, A.; Dunand, P.; Dunning, J.; Duplaix, M.; Iii, L.D.; Dussol, B.; Duthoit, J.; Duval, X.; Dyrhol-Riise, A.M.; Ean, S.C.; Echeverria-Villalobos, M.; Eira, C.; Sanharawi, M.E.; Elapavaluru, S.; Elharrar, B.; Ellerbroek, J.; Eloy, P.; Elshazly, T.; Enderle, I.; Eng, C.C.; Engelmann, I.; Enouf, V.; Epaulard, O.; Escher, M.; Esperatti, M.; Esperou, H.; Santo, C.E.; Esposito-Farese, M.; Estevã£o, J.; Etienne, M.; Ettalhaoui, N.; Everding, A.G.; Evers, M.; Fabre, I.; Fabre, M.; Faheem, A.; Fairfield, C.J.; Faria, P.; Farooq, A.; Fateena, H.; Fatoni, A.Z.; Faure, K.; Favory, R.; Fayed, M.; Feeney, L.; Fernandes, J.; Fernandes, M.A.; Fernandes, S.; Ferrand, F.; Devouge, E.F.; Ferrã£o, J.; Ferraz, M.; Ferreira, B.; Ferreira, B.; Ferreira, I.; Ferreira, S.; Ferriere, N.; Ficko, C.; Figueiredo-Mello, C.; Fiorda, J.; Flament, T.; Flateau, C.; Fletcher, T.; Florence, A.; Flynn, D.; Foley, J.; Fomin, V.; Fonseca, T.; Forsyth, S.; Foti, G.; Fourn, E.; Fowler, R.A.; Fraher, M.; Franch-Llasat, D.; Fraser, C.; Fraser, J.F.; Freire, M.V.; Ribeiro, A.F.; French, C.; Friedrich, C.; Fritz, R.; Fry, S.; Fuentes, N.; Fukuda, M.; Argin, G.; Gaborieau, V.; Gaci, R.; Gagnard, J.; Gagneux-Brunon, A.; Gaiã£o, S.; Skeie, L.G.; Gallagher, P.; Gamble, C.; Gani, Y.; Garan, A.; Garcia, R.; Garcia-Gallo, E.; Garot, D.; Garrait, V.; Gault, N.; Gavin, A.; Gavrylov, A.; Gaymard, A.; Gebauer, J.; Geraud, E.; Morlaes, L.G.; Germano, N.; Ghosn, J.; Giani, M.; Giaquinto, C.; Gigante, T.; Gilg, M.; Giordano, G.; Girvan, M.; Gissot, V.; Glikman, D.; Glybochko, P.; Gnall, E.; Goehringer, F.; Goepel, S.; Goffard, J.; Goh, J.Y.; Golob, J.; GÃ³mez-Junyent, J.; Gominet, M.; Gonzalez, A.; Gordon, P.; Gorenne, I.; Goubert, L.; Goujard, C.; Goulenok, T.; Grable, M.; Grandin, E.W.; Granier, P.; Grasselli, G.; Green, C.A.; Greene, C.; Greenhalf, W.; Greffe, S.; Griffee, M.; Griffiths, F.; Groenendijk, A.; Lordemann, A.G.; Gruner, H.; Yusing, G.; Guedj, J.; Guego, M.; Guellec, D.; Guerreiro, D.; Guery, R.; Guillaumot, A.; Guilleminault, L.; Castro, M.G.D.; Guimard, T.; Haalboom, M.; Haber, D.; Hachemi, A.; Hadri, N.; Hall, A.; Hall, M.; Halpin, S.; Hamer, A.; Hamidfar, R.; Hammond, T.; Han, L.Y.; Haniffa, R.; Hao, K.W.; Hardwick, H.; Harrison, E.M.; Harrison, J.; Hartman, A.; Hayes, A.; Hays, L.; Heerman, J.; Heggelund, L.; Hendry, R.; Hennessy, M.; Henriquez, A.; Hentzien, M.; Hernandez, D.; Hershey, A.; Hesstvedt, L.; Higgins, D.; Higgins, E.; Higgins, R.; Hinton, S.; Hiraiwa, H.; Hitoto, H.; Antonia, H.; Yi Bin, H.; Hoctin, A.; Hoffmann, I.; Hoh, W.H.; Hoiting, O.; Holter, J.C.; Horby, P.; Horcajada, J.P.; Hoshino, K.; Hoshino, K.; Houas, I.; Hough, C.L.; Houltham, S.; Hsu, J.M.; Hulot, J.; Huo, S.; Hurd, A.; Hussain, I.; Ijaz, S.; Ikram, A.; Illes, H.; Imbert, P.; Sikander, R.I.; Inã¡cio, H.; Ing, Y.S.; Iosifidis, E.; Ippolito, M.; Irawany, V.; Isgett, S.; Isidoro, T.; Ismail, N.; Isnard, M.; Ivulich, D.; Jaafar, D.; Jaafoura, S.; Jabot, J.; Jackson, C.; Jamieson, N.; Jaquet, P.; Jassat, W.; Jaud-Fischer, C.; Jaureguiberry, S.; Jego, F.; Jelani, A.M.; Jenum, S.; Jimbo-Sotomayor, R.; Joe, O.Y.; Garcã­a, R.N.J.; Joseph, C.; Joseph, M.; Jourdain, M.; Jung, A.; Juzar, D.; Kafif, O.; Kaguelidou, F.; Kaisbain, N.; Kaleesvran, T.; Kali, S.; Kamaluddin, M.A.A.; Kamaruddin, Z.A.C.; Kamarudin, N.; Kandel, C.; Kang, K.Y.; Karpayah, P.; Kartsonaki, C.; Kasugai, D.; Kataria, A.; Katz, K.; Kay, C.; Kayyali, L.; Keane, H.; Keating, S.; Kelly, A.; Kelly, C.; Kelly, N.; Kelly, S.; Kelsey, M.; Kennon, K.; Kernan, M.; Kerroumi, Y.; Keshav, S.; Khalid, I.; Khalil, A.; Khan, C.; Khan, I.; Khanal, S.; Kho, M.E.; Khoo, D.; Khoo, R.; Khoo, S.; Kiat, K.H.; Kida, Y.; Kiiza, P.; Granerud, B.K.; Kim, J.B.; Kimmoun, A.; King, A.; Kitamura, N.; Klenerman, P.; Klont, R.; Bekken, G.K.; Knight, S.R.; Kobbe, R.; Kosgei, C.; Kpangon, A.; Krawczyk, K.; Krishnan, S.; Krishnan, V.; Kruglova, O.; Kumar, D.; Kumar, G.; Vijayaraghavan, B.K.T.; Vecham, P.K.; Kurtzman, E.; Kutsogiannis, D.; Kutsyna, G.; Lachatre, M.; Lacoste, M.; Laffey, J.G.; Lafhej, N.; Lagrange, M.; Laine, F.; Lairez, O.; Lambert, M.; Langelot-Richard, M.; Langlois, V.; Lantang, E.Y.; Lanza, M.; Laouã©nan, C.; Laribi, S.; Lariviere, D.; Lasry, S.; Latif, N.; Launay, O.; Laureillard, D.; Lavie-Badie, Y.; Law, A.; Lawrence, T.; Minh, L.; Bihan, C.L.; Bris, C.L.; Falher, G.L.; Fevre, L.L.; Hingrat, Q.L.; Marã©chal, M.L.; Mestre, S.L.; Moal, G.L.; Moing, V.L.; Nagard, H.L.; Turnier, P.L.; Lee, B.H.; Lee, H.G.; Lee, J.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.H.; Lee, T.C.; Lee, Y.L.; Leeming, G.; Lefebvre, B.; Lefebvre, L.; Lefã¨vre, B.; Legac, S.; Lelievre, J.; Lellouche, F.; Lemaignen, A.; Lemee, V.; Lemeur, A.; Lemmink, G.; Lene, H.S.; Lennon, J.; Leone, M.; Leone, M.; Lepiller, Q.; Lescure, F.; Lesens, O.; Lesouhaitier, M.; Lester-Grant, A.; Letrou, S.; Levy, B.; Levy, Y.; Levy-Marchal, C.; Lewandowska, K.; Lâ€™Her, E.; Bassi, G.L.; Liegeon, G.; Lim, K.C.; Lim, W.S.; Lima, C.; Lina, B.; Lina, L.; Lind, A.; Lingas, G.; Lion-Daolio, S.; Lissauer, S.; Livrozet, M.; Lizotte, P.; Lolong, N.; Loon, L.C.; Lopes, D.; Loschner, A.L.; Loubet, P.; Loufti, B.; Louis, G.; Lourenco, S.; Low, L.L.; Lowik, M.; Loy, J.S.; Lucet, J.C.; Luna, C.M.; Luong, L.; Luque, N.; Luton, D.; Lwin, N.; Lyons, R.; Maasikas, O.; Mabiala, O.; Machado, M.; Machado, S.; Macheda, G.; Madiha, H.; Mahieu, R.; Mahy, S.; Maia, A.R.; Maier, L.S.; Maillet, M.; Maitre, T.; Malfertheiner, M.; Malik, N.; Mallon, P.; Malvy, D.; Manda, V.; Mandelbrot, L.; Manetta, F.; Mankikian, J.; Manning, E.; Manuel, A.; Malaque, C.M.S.; Marino, F.; Markowicz, S.; Eid, C.M.; Marsh, L.; Marshall, J.; Martelli, C.T.; Martin, D.; Martin, E.; Martin-Blondel, G.; Martin-Loeches, I.; Martinot, M.; MartÃ­n-Quiros, A.; Martins, A.; Martins, N.; Rego, C.M.; Martucci, G.; Martynenko, O.; Marwali, E.M.; Marzukie, M.; Maslove, D.; Nor, B.M.; Matan, M.; Mathieu, D.; Mattei, M.; Matulevics, R.; Maulin, L.; Maxwell, M.; Mazzoni, T.; Sweeney, L.M.; Mcarthur, C.; Mccarthy, A.; Mccarthy, A.; Mccloskey, C.; Mcdermott, S.; Mcdonald, S.E.; Mcgeer, A.; Mckeown, J.; Mclean, K.A.; Mcnally, P.; Mcnicholas, B.; Mcpartlan, E.; Meaney, E.; Mear-Passard, C.; Mechlin, M.; Mehkri, O.; Melo, L.; Mendes, J.J.; Mentrã©, F.; Mentzer, A.J.; Mercier, E.; Mercier, N.; Merckx, A.; Mergeay-Fabre, M.; Mergler, B.; Merson, L.; Mesquita, A.; Metwally, O.; Meybeck, A.; Meyer, D.; Meynert, A.M.; Meysonnier, V.; Meziane, A.; Mezidi, M.; Michelanglei, C.; Michelet, I.; Mihelis, E.; Mihnovit, V.; Miranda-Maldonado, H.; Misnan, N.A.; Mohamed, N.N.E.; Mohamed, T.J.; Moin, A.; Molinos, E.; Molloy, B.; Monahan, S.; Mone, M.; Monteiro, A.; Montes, C.; Montrucchio, G.; Moore, S.; Moore, S.C.; Cely, L.M.; Moro, L.; Morton, B.; Motos, A.; Mouquet, H.; Perrot, C.M.; Moyet, J.; Mudara, C.; Muh, N.Y.; Muhamad, D.; Mullaert, J.; Mã¼ller, F.; Mã¼ller, K.E.; Munblit, D.; Murphy, A.; Murphy, L.; Murray, P.; Murris, M.; Murthy, S.; Musaab, H.; Muyandy, G.; Nagrebetsky, A.; Narasimhan, M.; Nazerali-Maitland, A.; Neant, N.; Neb, H.; Nekliudov, N.; Neto, R.; Neumann, E.; Nghi, A.; Nguyen, D.; Leathlobhair, N.N.; Nichol, A.; Nitayavardhana, P.; Nonas, S.; Noordin, N.A.M.; Noret, M.; Norharizam, N.F.I.; Norman, L.; Notari, A.; Noursadeghi, M.; Nowinski, A.; Nseir, S.; Nunez, J.I.; Nyamankolly, E.; Brien, F.O.; Callaghan, A.O.; Oâ€™Callaghan, A.; Occhipinti, G.; Oconnor, D.; Oâ€™Donnell, M.; Ogston, T.; Oliveira, J.; Oliveira, L.; Olliaro, P.L.; Oâ€™Neil, C.; Ong, D.S.Y.; Ong, J.Y.; Oosthuyzen, W.; Openshaw, P.; Orozco-Chamorro, C.M.; Ortoleva, J.; Osatnik, J.; Oâ€™Shea, L.; Oâ€™Sullivan, M.; Othman, S.Z.; Ouamara, N.; Ouissa, R.; Oziol, E.; Pagadoy, M.; Pages, J.; Palacios, A.; Palmarini, M.; Panarello, G.; Panda, P.K.; Pang, L.H.; Panigada, M.; Pansu, N.; Papadopoulos, A.; Parke, R.; Pasquier, J.; Pastene, B.; Pathmanathan, M.D.; Patrã£o, L.; Patricio, P.; Patrier, J.; Patterson, L.; Paul, C.; Paul, M.; Paulos, J.; Paxton, W.A.; Payen, J.; Peariasamy, K.; Peelman, F.; Peiffer-Smadja, N.; Peigne, V.; Pejkovska, M.; Peltan, I.D.; Pereira, R.; Perez, D.; Periel, L.; Perpoint, T.; Pesenti, A.; Pestre, V.; Petrovic, M.; Petrov-Sanchez, V.; Pettersen, F.O.; Peytavin, G.; Pharand, S.; Piagnerelli, M.; Picard, W.; Picone, O.; Piero, M.D.; Pierobon, C.; Piersma, D.; Pimentel, C.; Piquard, V.; Pires, C.; Pironneau, I.; Piroth, L.; Pius, R.; Plantier, L.; Png, H.S.; Poissy, J.; Pokeerbux, R.; Poli, S.; Pollakis, G.; Ponscarme, D.; Porto, D.B.; Post, A.; Postma, D.F.; Povoa, P.; Pã³voas, D.; Powis, J.; Preau, S.; Prebensen, C.; Preiser, J.; Prinssen, A.; Pritchard, M.G.; Proenã§a, L.; Puã©chal, O.; Semedi, B.P.; Purcell, G.; Quesada, L.; Quist-Paulsen, E.; Quraishi, M.; Qutishat, F.; Rabaud, C.; Rafael, A.; Rafiq, M.; Rahman, A.K.H.A.; Rahman, R.A.; Rainieri, F.; Rajahram, G.S.; Ramakrishnan, N.; Ramalho, J.; Ramli, A.A.; Rammaert, B.; Ramos, G.V.; Rana, A.; Ranjan, R.; Rapp, C.; Rasmin, M.; Rã¤tsep, I.; Rau, C.; Ravi, T.; Rebaudet, S.; Redl, S.; Reeve, B.; Reid, L.; Reikvam, D.H.; Reis, R.; Remppis, J.; Remy, M.; Ren, H.; Renk, H.; Resseguier, A.; Revest, M.; Rewa, O.; Reyes, L.F.; Reyes, T.; Ribeiro, M.I.; Richardson, D.; Richardson, D.; Richier, L.; Ridzuan, S.N.A.A.; Rios, A.L.; Rishu, A.; Rispal, P.; Risso, K.; Nuã±ez, M.A.R.; Rizer, N.; Roberto, A.; Roberts, S.; Robertson, D.L.; Robineau, O.; Roche-Campo, F.; Rodari, P.; Rodeia, S.; Roessler, B.; Roger, P.; Roilides, E.; Rojek, A.; Romaru, J.; Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, J.; Roriz, M.; Rosa-Calatrava, M.; Rose, M.; Rosenberger, D.; Rossanese, A.; Rossetti, M.; Rossignol, B.; Rossignol, P.; Rousset, S.; Roy, C.; Roze, B.; Russell, C.D.; Ryan, M.; Ryckaert, S.; Holten, A.R.; Saba, I.; Sadat, M.; Sahraei, V.; Saint-Gilles, M.; Sakiyalak, P.; Salazar, L.; Sales, G.; Sallaberry, S.; Gandonniere, C.S.; Salvator, H.; Sanchez, O.; Sancho-Shimizu, V.; Sandhu, G.; Sandhu, Z.; Sandrine, P.; Sandulescu, O.; Santos, M.; Sarfo-Mensah, S.; Banheiro, B.S.; Sarmiento, I.C.E.; Sarton, B.; Satyapriya, S.; Satyawati, R.; Saviciute, E.; Savvidou, P.; Saw, Y.T.; Schermer, T.; Scherpereel, A.; Schneider, M.; Schwameis, M.; Scott, J.T.; Scott-Brown, J.; Sedillot, N.; Selvarajoo, M.; Semaille, C.; Semple, M.G.; Senian, R.B.; Senneville, E.; Sepulveda, C.; Sequeira, F.; Sequeira, T.; Neto, A.S.; Shadowitz, E.; Shahidan, S.A.; 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doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0277859

Background Using a large dataset, we evaluated prevalence and severity of alterations in liver enzymes in COVID-19 and association with patient-centred outcomes. Methods We included hospitalized patients with confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection from the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) database. Key exposure was baseline liver enzymes (AST, ALT, bilirubin). Patients were assigned Liver Injury Classification score based on 3 components of enzymes at admission: Normal; Stage I) Liver injury: any component between 1-3x upper limit of normal (ULN); Stage II) Severe liver injury: any component ≥3x ULN. Outcomes were hospital mortality, utilization of selected resources, complications, and durations of hospital and ICU stay. Analyses used logistic regression with associations expressed as adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Of 17,531 included patients, 46.2% (8099) and 8.2% (1430) of patients had stage 1 and 2 liver injury respectively. Compared to normal, stages 1 and 2 were associated with higher odds of mortality (OR 1.53 [1.37-1.71]; OR 2.50 [2.10-2.96]), ICU admission (OR 1.63 [1.48-1.79]; OR 1.90 [1.62-2.23]), and invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 1.43 [1.27-1.70]; OR 1.95 (1.55-2.45). Stages 1 and 2 were also associated with higher odds of developing sepsis (OR 1.38 [1.27-1.50]; OR 1.46 [1.25-1.70]), acute kidney injury (OR 1.13 [1.00-1.27]; OR 1.59 [1.32-1.91]), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (OR 1.38 [1.22-1.55]; OR 1.80 [1.49-2.17]). Conclusions Liver enzyme abnormalities are common among COVID-19 patients and associated with worse outcomes.

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Liver injury in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: An International observational cohort study

Bishnu, Saptarshi;Baruch, Joaquin;Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru;Kartsonaki, Christiana;Meeyai, Aronrag;Mohamed, Zubair;Ohshimo, Shinichiro;Lefèvre, Benjamin;Al-Fares, Abdulrahman;Calvache, Jose A.;Taccone, Fabio Silvio;Olliaro, Piero;Merson, Laura;Adhikari, Neill K. J.;Abdukahil, Sheryl Ann;Abdulkadir, Nurul Najmee;Abe, Ryuzo;Abel, Laurent;Abrous, Amal;Absil, Lara;Acker, Andrew;Adam, Elisabeth;AdriÃ£o, Diana;Ageel, Saleh Al;Ainscough, Kate;Hssain, Ali Ait;Tamlihat, Younes Ait;Akimoto, Takako;Akmal, Ernita;Qasim, Eman Al;Alberti, Angela;Al-dabbous, Tala;Alegesan, Senthilkumar;Alessi, Marta;Alex, Beatrice;Alexandre, KÃ©vin;Al-Fares, Abdulrahman;Alfoudri, Huda;Ali, Imran;Alidjnou, Kazali Enagnon;Aliudin, Jeffrey;Allavena, Clotilde;Allou, Nathalie;Alves, JoÃ£o Melo;Alves, Rita;Cabrita, Joana Alves;Amaral, Maria;Amira, Nur;Ampaw, Phoebe;Andrejak, Claire;Angheben, Andrea;Angoulvant, FranÃ§ois;Ansart, SÃ©verine;Anthonidass, Sivanesen;Brito, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de;Apriyana, Ardiyan;Arabi, Yaseen;Aragao, Irene;Arancibia, Francisco;Araujo, Carolline;Arcadipane, Antonio;Archambault, Patrick;Arenz, Lukas;Arlet, Jean-BenoÃ®t;Arnold-Day, Christel;Arora, Lovkesh;Arora, Rakesh;Artaud-Macari, Elise;Aryal, Diptesh;Ashraf, Muhammad;Asif, Namra;Assie, Jean Baptiste;Asyraf, Amirul;Atif, Minahel;Atique, Anika;Auchabie, Johann;Aumaitre, Hugues;Auvet, Adrien;Azemar, LaurÃ¨ne;Azoulay, Cecile;Bach, Benjamin;Bachelet, Delphine;Badr, Claudine;Baig, Nadia;Baillie, J. Kenneth;Bak, Erica;Bakar, Nazreen Abu;Bal, Andriy;Balakrishnan, Mohanaprasanth;Balan, Valeria;Bani-Sadr, FirouzÃ©;Barbalho, Renata;Barbosa, Nicholas Yuri;Barclay, Wendy S.;Barnett, Saef Umar;Barnikel, Michaela;Barrelet, Audrey;Barrigoto, Cleide;Bartoli, Marie;Baruch, JoaquÃn;Basmaci, Romain;Basri, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin;Bauer, Jules;Rincon, Diego Fernando Bautista;Beane, Abigail;Bedossa, Alexandra;Bee, Ker Hong;Begum, Husna;Behilill, Sylvie;Beishuizen, Albertus;Beljantsev, Aleksandr;Bellemare, David;Beltrame, Anna;BeltrÃ£o, Beatriz Amorim;Beluze, Marine;Benech, Nicolas;Benjiman, Lionel Eric;Benkerrou, Dehbia;Bennett, Suzanne;Bento, LuÃs;Berdal, Jan-Erik;Bergeaud, Delphine;Bergin, Hazel;Bertoli, Giulia;Bessis, Simon;Bevilcaqua, Sybille;Bezulier, Karine;Bhatt, Amar;Bhavsar, Krishna;Bianco, Claudia;Bidin, Farah Nadiah;Singh, Moirangthem Bikram;Humaid, Felwa Bin;Kamarudin, Mohd Nazlin Bin;Bissuel, FranÃ§ois;Biston, Patrick;Bitker, Laurent;Blier, Catherine;Blot, Mathieu;Blumberg, Lucille;Bodenes, Laetitia;Bogaert, Debby;Boivin, Anne-HÃ©lÃ¨ne;BolaÃ±os, Isabela;Bolze, Pierre-Adrien;Bompart, FranÃ§ois;Borges, Diogo;Borie, RaphaÃ«l;Botelho-Nevers, Elisabeth;Bouadma, Lila;Bouchaud, Olivier;Bouchez, Sabelline;Bouhmani, Dounia;Bouhour, Damien;Bouiller, KÃ©vin;Bouillet, Laurence;Bouisse, Camile;Boureau, Anne-Sophie;Bourke, John;Bouscambert, Maude;Bousquet, Aurore;Bouziotis, Jason;Boxma, Bianca;Boyer-Besseyre, Marielle;Boylan, Maria;Bozza, Fernando Augusto;Braconnier, Axelle;Braga, Cynthia;Monteiro, Filipa BrÃ¡s;Brazzi, Luca;Breen, Dorothy;Brickell, Kathy;Browne, Shaunagh;Brusse-Keizer, Marjolein;Bryda, Petra;Buchtele, Nina;Bugaeva, Polina;Buisson, Marielle;Burhan, Erlina;Burrell, Aidan;Bustos, Ingrid G.;Butnaru, Denis;Cabie, AndrÃ©;Caceres, Eder;Cadoz, Cyril;GarcÃªs, Rui Caetano;Calvache, Jose Andres;CamÃµes, JoÃ£o;Campana, Valentine;Campbell, Paul;Canepa, Cecilia;Caraux-Paz, Pauline;Cardellino, Chiara Simona;Cardoso, Filipa;Cardoso, Filipe;Cardoso, Nelson;Cardoso, Sofia;Carlier, Nicolas;Carmoi, Thierry;Carney, Gayle;Carqueja, InÃªs;Carret, Marie-Christine;Carrier, FranÃ§ois Martin;Carson, Gail;Casanova, Maire-Laure;CascÃ£o, Mariana;Casey, Siobhan;Casimiro, JosÃ©;Cassandra, Bailey;CastaÃ±eda, Silvia;Castanheira, Nidyanara;Castor-Alexandre, Guylaine;Castro, Ivo;Catherine, FranÃ§ois-Xavier;Cattaneo, Paolo;Cavalin, Roberta;Cavayas, Alexandros;Cervantes-Gonzalez, Minerva;Chair, Anissa;Chakveatze, Catherine;Chan, Adrienne;Chand, Meera;Auger, Christelle Chantalat;Chapplain, Jean-Marc;Charpentier, Charlotte;Chas, Julie;Chen, Anjellica;Chen, Yih-Sharng;Chenard, LÃ©o;Cheng, Matthew Pellan;Cheret, Antoine;Chiarabini, Thibault;Chica, Julian;Chidambaram, Suresh Kumar;Tho, Leong Chin;Chirouze, Catherine;Chiumello, Davide;Cholley, Bernard;Chopin, Marie-Charlotte;Chow, Ting Soo;Chua, Hiu Jian;Chua, Jonathan;Cidade, Jose Pedro;Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru;Ciullo, Anna;Clarke, Emma;Granado, Rolando Claure-Del;Clohisey, Sara;Codan, Cassidy;Coelho, Alexandra;Coles, Megan;Colin, GwenhaÃ«l;Collins, Michael;S.M. Colombo;Combs, Pamela;Connolly, Jennifer;Connor, Marie;Conrad, Anne;Cooke, Graham S.;Copland, Mary;Cordel, Hugues;Corley, Amanda;Cornelis, Sabine;Cornet, Alexander Daniel;Corpuz, Arianne Joy;Cortegiani, Andrea;Corvaisier, GrÃ©gory;Costigan, Emma;Couffignal, Camille;Couffin-Cadiergues, Sandrine;Courtois, Roxane;Cousse, StÃ©phanie;Cregan, Rachel;Croonen, Sabine;Crowl, Gloria;Crump, Jonathan;Cruz, Claudina;Csete, Marc;Cummings, Matthew;Curlier, Elodie;Curran, Colleen;Custodio, Paula;Filipe, Ana da Silva;Silveira, Charlene Da;Dabaliz, Al-Awwab;Dagens, Andrew;Dahly, Darren;Dalton, Heidi;Dalton, Jo;Daly, Seamus;Damas, Juliana;Daneman, Nick;Daniel, Corinne;Dankwa, Emmanuelle A;Dantas, Jorge;Montmollin, Etienne De;FranÃ§a, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira;Oliveira, Ana Isabel de Pinho;Silva, Thushan de;Vries, Peter de;Dean, David;Debard, Alexa;Debray, Marie-Pierre;DeCastro, Nathalie;Dechert, William;Deconninck, Lauren;Decours, Romain;Defous, Eve;Delacroix, Isabelle;Delaveuve, Eric;Delavigne, Karen;Delfos, Nathalie M.;Deligiannis, Ionna;Dellâ€™Amore, Andrea;Delmas, Christelle;Delobel, Pierre;Delsing, Corine;Demonchy, Elisa;Denis, Emmanuelle;Deplanque, Dominique;Depuydt, Pieter;Desai, Mehul;Descamps, Diane;DesvallÃ©es, Mathilde;Dewayanti, Santi;Dhanger, Pathik;Diallo, Alpha;Diamantis, Sylvain;Silva, Fernanda Dias Da;Diaz, Priscila;Diaz, Rodrigo;Didier, KÃ©vin;Diehl, Jean-Luc;Dieperink, Wim;Dimet, JÃ©rÃ´me;Dinot, Vincent;Diop, Fara;Diouf, Alphonsine;Dishon, Yael;Djossou, FÃ©lix;Docherty, Annemarie B.;Donnelly, Christl A.;Donohue, Chloe;Donohue, Sean;Donohue, Yoann;Doran, Peter;Dorival, CÃ©line;Dâ€™Ortenzio, Eric;Douglas, James Joshua;Dournon, Nathalie;Downer, Triona;Downey, Joanne;Downing, Mark;Drake, Tom;Dryden, Murray;Fonseca, Claudio Duarte;Dubee, Vincent;Dubos, FranÃ§ois;Ducancelle, Alexandre;Duculan, Toni;Dudman, Susanne;Duggal, Abhijit;Dunand, Paul;Dunning, Jake;Duplaix, Mathilde;III, Lucian Durham;Dussol, Bertrand;Duthoit, Juliette;Duval, Xavier;Dyrhol-Riise, Anne Margarita;Ean, Sim Choon;Echeverria-Villalobos, Marco;Eira, Carla;Sanharawi, Mohammed El;Elapavaluru, Subbarao;Elharrar, Brigitte;Ellerbroek, Jacobien;Eloy, Philippine;Elshazly, Tarek;Enderle, Isabelle;Eng, Chan Chee;Engelmann, Ilka;Enouf, Vincent;Epaulard, Olivier;Escher, Martina;Esperatti, Mariano;Esperou, HÃ©lÃ¨ne;Santo, Catarina EspÃrito;Esposito-Farese, Marina;EstevÃ£o, JoÃ£o;Etienne, Manuel;Ettalhaoui, Nadia;Everding, Anna Greti;Evers, Mirjam;Fabre, Isabelle;Fabre, Marc;Faheem, Amna;Fairfield, Cameron J.;Faria, Pedro;Farooq, Ahmed;Fateena, Hanan;Fatoni, Arie Zainul;Faure, Karine;Favory, RaphaÃ«l;Fayed, Mohamed;Feeney, Laura;Fernandes, Jorge;Fernandes, MarÃlia Andreia;Fernandes, Susana;Ferrand, FranÃ§ois-Xavier;Devouge, Eglantine Ferrand;FerrÃ£o, Joana;Ferraz, MÃ¡rio;Ferreira, Benigno;Ferreira, Bernardo;Ferreira, Isabel;Ferreira, SÃlvia;Ferriere, Nicolas;Ficko, CÃ©line;Figueiredo-Mello, Claudia;Fiorda, Juan;Flament, Thomas;Flateau, Clara;Fletcher, Tom;Florence, Aline-Marie;Flynn, Deirdre;Foley, Jean;Fomin, Victor;Fonseca, Tatiana;Forsyth, Simon;Foti, Giuseppe;Fourn, Erwan;Fowler, Robert A.;Fraher, Marianne;Franch-Llasat, Diego;Fraser, Christophe;Fraser, John F;Freire, Marcela Vieira;Ribeiro, Ana Freitas;French, Craig;Friedrich, Caren;Fritz, Ricardo;Fry, StÃ©phanie;Fuentes, Nora;Fukuda, Masahiro;G, Argin;Gaborieau, ValÃ©rie;Gaci, Rostane;Gagnard, Jean-Charles;Gagneux-Brunon, Amandine;GaiÃ£o, SÃ©rgio;Skeie, Linda Gail;Gallagher, Phil;Gamble, Carrol;Gani, Yasmin;Garan, Arthur;Garcia, Rebekha;Garcia-Gallo, Esteban;Garot, Denis;Garrait, ValÃ©rie;Gault, Nathalie;Gavin, Aisling;Gavrylov, Anatoliy;Gaymard, Alexandre;Gebauer, Johannes;Geraud, Eva;Morlaes, Louis Gerbaud;Germano, Nuno;Ghosn, Jade;Giani, Marco;Giaquinto, Carlo;Gigante, Tristan;Gilg, Morgane;Giordano, Guillermo;Girvan, Michelle;Gissot, ValÃ©rie;Glikman, Daniel;Glybochko, Petr;Gnall, Eric;Goehringer, FranÃ§ois;Goepel, Siri;Goffard, Jean-Christophe;Goh, Jin Yi;Golob, Jonathan;GÃ³mez-Junyent, Joan;Gominet, Marie;Gonzalez, Alicia;Gordon, Patricia;Gorenne, Isabelle;Goubert, Laure;Goujard, CÃ©cile;Goulenok, Tiphaine;Grable, Margarite;Grandin, Edward Wilson;Granier, Pascal;Grasselli, Giacomo;Green, Christopher A.;Greene, Courtney;Greenhalf, William;Greffe, SegolÃ¨ne;Griffee, Matthew;Griffiths, Fiona;Groenendijk, Albert;Lordemann, Anja Grosse;Gruner, Heidi;Gu, Yusing;Guedj, JÃ©rÃ©mie;Guego, Martin;Guellec, Dewi;Guerreiro, Daniela;Guery, Romain;Guillaumot, Anne;Guilleminault, Laurent;Castro, Maisa GuimarÃ£es de;Guimard, Thomas;Haalboom, Marieke;Haber, Daniel;Hachemi, Ali;Hadri, Nadir;Hall, Adam;Hall, Matthew;Halpin, Sophie;Hamer, Ansley;Hamidfar, Rebecca;Hammond, Terese;Han, Lim Yuen;Haniffa, Rashan;Hao, Kok Wei;Hardwick, Hayley;Harrison, Ewen M.;Harrison, Janet;Hartman, Alan;Hayes, Ailbhe;Hays, Leanne;Heerman, Jan;Heggelund, Lars;Hendry, Ross;Hennessy, Martina;Henriquez, Aquiles;Hentzien, Maxime;Hernandez, Diana;Hershey, Andrew;Hesstvedt, Liv;Higgins, Dawn;Higgins, Eibhlin;Higgins, Rupert;Hinton, Samuel;Hiraiwa, Hiroaki;Hitoto, Hikombo;Ho, Antonia;Ho, Yi Bin;Hoctin, Alexandre;Hoffmann, Isabelle;Hoh, Wei Han;Hoiting, Oscar;Holter, Jan Cato;Horby, Peter;Horcajada, Juan Pablo;Hoshino, Koji;Hoshino, Kota;Houas, Ikram;Hough, Catherine L.;Houltham, Stuart;Hsu, Jimmy Ming-Yang;Hulot, Jean-SÃ©bastien;Huo, Stella;Hurd, Abby;Hussain, Iqbal;Ijaz, Samreen;Ikram, Arfan;Illes, Hajnal-Gabriela;Imbert, Patrick;Sikander, Rana Imran;InÃ¡cio, Hugo;Ing, Yun Sii;Iosifidis, Elias;Ippolito, Mariachiara;Irawany, Vera;Isgett, Sarah;Isidoro, Tiago;Ismail, Nadiah;Isnard, Margaux;Ivulich, Daniel;Jaafar, Danielle;Jaafoura, Salma;Jabot, Julien;Jackson, Clare;Jamieson, Nina;Jaquet, Pierre;Jassat, Waasila;Jaud-Fischer, Coline;Jaureguiberry, StÃ©phane;Jego, Florence;Jelani, Anilawati Mat;Jenum, Synne;Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ruth;Joe, Ong Yiaw;GarcÃa, Ruth N. 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Antoine;Mergeay-Fabre, Mayka;Mergler, Blake;Merson, Laura;Mesquita, AntÃ³nio;Metwally, Osama;Meybeck, AgnÃ¨s;Meyer, Dan;Meynert, Alison M.;Meysonnier, Vanina;Meziane, Amina;Mezidi, Mehdi;Michelanglei, CÃ©line;Michelet, Isabelle;Mihelis, Efstathia;Mihnovit, Vladislav;Miranda-Maldonado, Hugo;Misnan, Nor Arisah;Mohamed, Nik Nur Eliza;Mohamed, Tahira Jamal;Moin, Asma;Molinos, Elena;Molloy, Brenda;Monahan, Sinead;Mone, Mary;Monteiro, Agostinho;Montes, Claudia;Montrucchio, Giorgia;Moore, Sarah;Moore, Shona C.;Cely, Lina Morales;Moro, Lucia;Morton, Ben;Motos, Ana;Mouquet, Hugo;Perrot, Clara Mouton;Moyet, Julien;Mudara, Caroline;Muh, Ng Yong;Muhamad, Dzawani;Mullaert, Jimmy;MÃ¼ller, Fredrik;MÃ¼ller, Karl Erik;Munblit, Daniel;Murphy, Aisling;Murphy, Lorna;Murray, Patrick;Murris, MarlÃ¨ne;Murthy, Srinivas;Musaab, Himed;Muyandy, Gugapriyaa;Nagrebetsky, Alex;Narasimhan, Mangala;Nazerali-Maitland, Alasdair;Neant, NadÃ¨ge;Neb, Holger;Nekliudov, Nikita;Neto, Raul;Neumann, Emily;Nghi, Anthony;Nguyen, 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Y.;Ong, Jee Yan;Oosthuyzen, Wilna;Openshaw, Peter;Orozco-Chamorro, Claudia Milena;Ortoleva, Jamel;Osatnik, Javier;Oâ€™Shea, Linda;Oâ€™Sullivan, Miriam;Othman, Siti Zubaidah;Ouamara, Nadia;Ouissa, Rachida;Oziol, Eric;Pagadoy, MaÃ¯der;Pages, Justine;Palacios, Amanda;Palmarini, Massimo;Panarello, Giovanna;Panda, Prasan Kumar;Pang, Lai Hui;Panigada, Mauro;Pansu, Nathalie;Papadopoulos, AurÃ©lie;Parke, Rachael;Pasquier, JÃ©rÃ©mie;Pastene, Bruno;Pathmanathan, Mohan Dass;PatrÃ£o, LuÃs;Patricio, Patricia;Patrier, Juliette;Patterson, Lisa;Paul, Christelle;Paul, Mical;Paulos, Jorge;Paxton, William A.;Payen, Jean-FranÃ§ois;Peariasamy, Kalaiarasu;Peelman, Florent;Peiffer-Smadja, Nathan;Peigne, Vincent;Pejkovska, Mare;Peltan, Ithan D.;Pereira, Rui;Perez, Daniel;Periel, Luis;Perpoint, Thomas;Pesenti, Antonio;Pestre, Vincent;Petrovic, Michele;Petrov-Sanchez, Ventzislava;Pettersen, Frank Olav;Peytavin, Gilles;Pharand, Scott;Piagnerelli, Michael;Picard, Walter;Picone, Olivier;Piero, Maria de;Pierobon, Carola;Piersma, Djura;Pimentel, Carlos;Piquard, Valentine;Pires, Catarina;Pironneau, Isabelle;Piroth, Lionel;Pius, Riinu;Plantier, Laurent;Png, Hon Shen;Poissy, Julien;Pokeerbux, Ryadh;Poli, Sergio;Pollakis, Georgios;Ponscarme, Diane;Porto, Diego Bastos;Post, Andra-Maris;Postma, Douwe F.;Povoa, Pedro;PÃ³voas, Diana;Powis, Jeff;Preau, SÃ©bastien;Prebensen, Christian;Preiser, Jean-Charles;Prinssen, Anton;Pritchard, Mark G.;ProenÃ§a, Lucia;PuÃ©chal, Oriane;Semedi, Bambang Pujo;Purcell, Gregory;Quesada, Luisa;Quist-Paulsen, Else;Quraishi, Mohammed;Qutishat, Fadi-Fadi;Rabaud, Christian;Rafael, Aldo;Rafiq, Marie;Rahman, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab;Rahman, Rozanah Abd;Rainieri, Fernando;Rajahram, Giri Shan;Ramakrishnan, Nagarajan;Ramalho, JosÃ©;Ramli, Ahmad Afiq;Rammaert, Blandine;Ramos, Grazielle Viana;Rana, Asim;Ranjan, Ritika;Rapp, Christophe;Rasmin, Menaldi;RÃ¤tsep, Indrek;Rau, Cornelius;Ravi, Tharmini;Rebaudet, Stanislas;Redl, Sarah;Reeve, Brenda;Reid, Liadain;Reikvam, Dag Henrik;Reis, 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2023

Abstract

Background Using a large dataset, we evaluated prevalence and severity of alterations in liver enzymes in COVID-19 and association with patient-centred outcomes. Methods We included hospitalized patients with confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection from the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) database. Key exposure was baseline liver enzymes (AST, ALT, bilirubin). Patients were assigned Liver Injury Classification score based on 3 components of enzymes at admission: Normal; Stage I) Liver injury: any component between 1-3x upper limit of normal (ULN); Stage II) Severe liver injury: any component ≥3x ULN. Outcomes were hospital mortality, utilization of selected resources, complications, and durations of hospital and ICU stay. Analyses used logistic regression with associations expressed as adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Of 17,531 included patients, 46.2% (8099) and 8.2% (1430) of patients had stage 1 and 2 liver injury respectively. Compared to normal, stages 1 and 2 were associated with higher odds of mortality (OR 1.53 [1.37-1.71]; OR 2.50 [2.10-2.96]), ICU admission (OR 1.63 [1.48-1.79]; OR 1.90 [1.62-2.23]), and invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 1.43 [1.27-1.70]; OR 1.95 (1.55-2.45). Stages 1 and 2 were also associated with higher odds of developing sepsis (OR 1.38 [1.27-1.50]; OR 1.46 [1.25-1.70]), acute kidney injury (OR 1.13 [1.00-1.27]; OR 1.59 [1.32-1.91]), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (OR 1.38 [1.22-1.55]; OR 1.80 [1.49-2.17]). Conclusions Liver enzyme abnormalities are common among COVID-19 patients and associated with worse outcomes.

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	Settori scientifico-disciplinari dell'articolo (validi dal 09/05/2024)
	
				Settore MEDS-23/A - Anestesiologia
			
	Titolo del progetto
	
	Titolo Progetto
	
									ISARIC - Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium (ISARIC-4C)
								
	Nome finanziatore
	
										UK Research and Innovation
									
	Finanziamento
	
									MRC
								
	N. Contratto
	
									MC_PC_19059
								
	Data di pubblicazione
	
				2023
			
	Rivista in ANCE
	
				PLOS ONE
			
	DOI
	
				https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277859
			
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				01 - Articolo su periodico

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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/1190675

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