Background: To evaluate the use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and its impact on the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index(HAQ-DI) and the Cochin Hand Function Status(CHFS) in a large Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) cohort. Methods: SSc patients from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) database treated with HCQ for at least 6 months were evaluated and compared to a matched group of SSc patients not using HCQ. Demographic and clinical data, concomitant drugs, HAQ-DI and CHFS (at least 2 evaluations) were recorded and were the outcome variables of interest. Statistical analysis was performed using propensity score matching for age, gender, disease duration, corticosteroids, immunosuppressives, vasoactive drugs in a 3:1 control: HCQ ratio. Standard descriptive statistics and Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were used to assess the propensity-matched groups. Results: Out of 17,805 SSc patients evaluated, 468 (2.6%) used HCQ and constituted the HCQ group. Among them, 50 (10.7%) had at least a baseline and follow-up HAQ-DI evaluation and 44 (9.4%) had at least a baseline and follow-up CHFS evaluation. Propensity matching assured that patients were matched for female gender (HCQ vs. control 92.0% vs. 85.3%), mean age (49.8 vs. 50.0 years) disease duration (8.3 vs. 9.1 years), limited disease (55.3 vs. 62.6%) as well as background medications (all P > 0.1). We did not find any significant differences among the two groups in the change of HAQ-DI or CHFS, over up to 365 days (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: Results from the EUSTAR registry showed that HCQ was used by 2.6% of SSc patients. HCQ use did not improve the HAQ-DI, or CHFS when comparing HCQ users to non-HCQ users.
The effect of hydroxychloroquine on activities of daily living and hand function in systemic sclerosis: results from an analysis of the EUSTAR cohort / S. Bellando-Randone, H. Wilhalme, C. Bruni, L. Czirjak, O. Distler, Y. Allanore, G. Cuomo, C. Denton, F. Del Galdo, A.M. Gheorghiu, V. Riccieri, U. Walker, M.E. Truchetet, M.C. Vonk, I. Foeldvari, M. Matucci-Cerinic, D.E. Furst, N. Null, M.M. Cerinic, U. Walker, F. Iannone, S. Guiducci, R. Becvar, G. Valentini, E. Siegert, C. Montecucco, P.E. Carreira, C. Chizzolini, E.J. Kucharz, A. Doria, P.D.F. Bancel, R. Hesselstrand, A. Balbir-Gurman, R. Pellerito, C. Caimmi, C. Denton, N. Damjanov, J. Henes, V. Ortiz-Santamaria Granollers, S. Heitmann, M.J. Salvador, B. Stamenkovic, C.F. Selmi, A. Herrick, U. Müllerladner, M. Engelhart, V. Riccieri, R.M. Ionescu, A.M. Gheorghiu, C. Sunderkötter, J. Distler, F. Ingegnoli, L. Mouthon, V. Smith, F.P. Cantatore, S. Ullman, M.R. Pozzi, P. Wiland, M. Vanthuyne, B. Krummel-Lorenz, P. Saar, K. Herrmann, E. De Langhe, B. Anic, M. Baresic, M. Mayer, S. Yavuz, C. De Souza Müller, T. Zenone, A. Mathieu, A. Vacca, K. Solanki, E. Rosato, F.O.F. Yargucu, C. Tanaseanu, R. Foti, D.E. Furst, P.V.S. Adler, P.G. De La Peña Lefebvre, J.J.G. Martín, I. Litinsky, F. Del Galdo, G. Seskute, L.A. Saketkoo, E. Kerzberg, I. Castellví, F. Spertini, V.M. Hsu, T. Martin, T. Schmeiser, D. Majewski, V. Bernardino, P.S. Puttini. - In: ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY. - ISSN 1478-6362. - 27:1(2025), pp. 66.1-66.9. [10.1186/s13075-025-03476-0]
The effect of hydroxychloroquine on activities of daily living and hand function in systemic sclerosis: results from an analysis of the EUSTAR cohort
F. Ingegnoli;P.S. Puttini
2025
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and its impact on the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index(HAQ-DI) and the Cochin Hand Function Status(CHFS) in a large Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) cohort. Methods: SSc patients from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) database treated with HCQ for at least 6 months were evaluated and compared to a matched group of SSc patients not using HCQ. Demographic and clinical data, concomitant drugs, HAQ-DI and CHFS (at least 2 evaluations) were recorded and were the outcome variables of interest. Statistical analysis was performed using propensity score matching for age, gender, disease duration, corticosteroids, immunosuppressives, vasoactive drugs in a 3:1 control: HCQ ratio. Standard descriptive statistics and Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were used to assess the propensity-matched groups. Results: Out of 17,805 SSc patients evaluated, 468 (2.6%) used HCQ and constituted the HCQ group. Among them, 50 (10.7%) had at least a baseline and follow-up HAQ-DI evaluation and 44 (9.4%) had at least a baseline and follow-up CHFS evaluation. Propensity matching assured that patients were matched for female gender (HCQ vs. control 92.0% vs. 85.3%), mean age (49.8 vs. 50.0 years) disease duration (8.3 vs. 9.1 years), limited disease (55.3 vs. 62.6%) as well as background medications (all P > 0.1). We did not find any significant differences among the two groups in the change of HAQ-DI or CHFS, over up to 365 days (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: Results from the EUSTAR registry showed that HCQ was used by 2.6% of SSc patients. HCQ use did not improve the HAQ-DI, or CHFS when comparing HCQ users to non-HCQ users.
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