Imaginaries Around Digital Technologies in Craft Work: Perspectives from Craft Organizations in Italy

This paper examines the complex interplay between digital technologies and craft, using the lens of sociotechnical imaginaries to explore the role of technology for craft enterprises. We focus on traditional craft production in Italy that is deeply embedded in local economies, both in the sense of being embedded in place (and its local network of skills, know-how, culture) and in communities. Through extensive participant observation involving craft workers, managers, owners, and customers, the study examines perceptions and expectations around integrating digital tools into craft practices. The findings reveal a negotiation between preserving traditional craftsmanship and adopting new technologies. Four distinct sociotechnical imaginaries are identified: (a) distancing technology from craft, (b) using technology to improve fun, efficiency, and safety, (c) preserving artisanal essence while embracing technology, and (d) deploying technology to reinforce the “Made in Italy” ethos. Our research highlights that adopting digital tools is not only technical but also a sociocultural process shaped by values, concerns, and aspirations around authenticity and craftsmanship. Furthermore, it provides insights into how stakeholders' views on technology intertwine with broader ideas of provenance, heritage, and the cultural significance of craft. Lastly, it emphasizes the importance of understanding sociocultural dimensions of technological integration in traditional industries.