A casebook of selectors and probes in chiral voltammetry: stereogenic elements, interactions, implementation strategies

In about a decade from the first report by some of us about the outstanding enantiodiscrimination ability of inherently chiral electrodes1, our research on effective tools and strategies for chiral voltammetry has much grown both in width and depth. A selected casebook will be presented, discussing the following key issues: (i) nature of the stereogenic element(s) (stereocentres, axes, helixes, planes) in selectors and probes1-8, (ii) assumptions on selector/probe interactions9, and possible strategies to enhance them2,9; (ii) proposed strategies for effective implementation of chiral selectors at the electrochemical interphase: electrodes modified with inherently chiral oligomer films1-4, or media of high local order implemented with chirality5-8 (chiral ionic liquids, ionic liquids with chiral additives, chiral deep eutectic solvents).