Where Are Goats Going? The Future of Goats for Farming and Other Purposes

Goats are a species of growing interest all over the world, and their role is evolving beyond their mere use for production purposes, now including also educational, therapeutic, recreational, and companion purposes. Most of the goats are located in developing countries, where farming conditions are often challenging for their welfare. At the same time, welfare-friendly production systems, such as extensive and organic systems, are spreading in developed countries in response to consumers’ demand, with positive effects on goats’ welfare. Nowadays, the species is facing a number of environmental challenges, such as climate change and the return of large predators, for which it is necessary to implement proper management and breeding strategies. New welfare issues are emerging in relation to the increasing presence of goats in zoos, pet farms, schools, sanctuaries, and private settings, as people interacting with goats might not always be sufficiently informed on how to manage these animals. Information and training of people who take care of goats should therefore be strongly encouraged, in order to guarantee that animals receive adequate care.