The Conflictual Politics of Democracy

This chapter examines the essential role of conflict in democratic politics, arguing that conflict is not only inevitable but also crucial for managing societal differences. It critiques the tendency to avoid or suppress conflict, highlighting the detrimental effects on governance in liberal democracies. The author argues that political parties, by retreating from engaging with societal conflicts regarding inequality and transformation, contribute to a political void characterized by mere administration rather than meaningful governance. Populist and nationalist movements, which offer simplistic solutions and perpetuate the illusion of conflict-free politics, further exacerbate this issue. The volatility of political parties and the spectacle of leader clashes undermine long-term policymaking and democratic norms. The chapter advocates for a re-centering of conflict in political discourse, emphasizing that democracies thrive on the effective management of diverse interests through institutions, political parties, and pressure groups. It calls for political parties to articulate clear positions on pressing issues like economic inequality and climate change, recognizing that managing one conflict often generates new ones. Ultimately, the chapter argues that acknowledging and engaging with conflict is essential for fostering a sustainable and inclusive political community.