Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of nanoparticles released by almost all cell types into most biological fluids, under both physiological and pathological conditions. Given their ability of transporting molecular content (including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and even whole and/or fragmented organelles) from a donor cell to a recipient cell, EVs not only play a key role in paracrine and endocrine intercellular communication, but also represent an important source of molecular information that would otherwise be difficult to obtain. These charac- teristics render EVs particularly interesting in the context of the pathophysiological processes of cardiovascular diseases. Indeed, numerous studies demonstrate how significant alterations of certain EV aspects, such as circulat- ing concentration, size, and protein content, associate with specific features of disease, including, for example, se- verity. Consequently, EVs yield significant clinical potential as tools that may assist on a molecular level in the diag- nosis and monitoring of various diseases. In addition to their potential diagnostic role, EVs also represent promis- ing fingerprints in the clinical setting from a prognostic point of view. By monitoring the phenotypic characteristics of EVs, it is possible to assess the onset and progression of certain ‘silent’ diseases, such as for instance atheroscle- rosis. In certain cardiovascular settings, EVs also play regenerative and reparative roles. Extensive further studies and development of new technologies will be essential to establish EVs as practical tools for a routinely diagnostic clinical use.
Le vescicole extracellulari (VEs) sono una popolazione eterogenea di nano-particelle rilasciate nella maggior part dei fluidi biologici da quasi tutti i tipi cellulari, sia in condizioni fisiologiche che di malattia. Essendo in grado di trasportare un contenuto molecolare (tra cui proteine, acidi nucleici, e persino organuli interi e/o frammentati) da una cellula donatrice a una ricevente, le VEs non solo svolgono un ruolo fondamentale nella comunicazione paracrina ed endocrina tra cellule, ma rappresentano una fonte importante di informazioni di tipo molecolare. Queste caratteristiche rendono le VEs particolarmente interessanti nell’ambito dei processi fisiopatologici in ambito cardiovascolare. Difatti, alterazioni significative nella quantità, nella dimensione e nel contenuto proteico potrebbero associarsi con specifiche caratteristiche fisiopatologiche, tra cui, ad esempio, la severità del grado di danno endoteliale. Di conseguenza, le VEs godono di un potenziale clinico di notevole importanza e rappresentano un’impronta molecolare specifica utile sia in termini diagnostici che prognostici. Monitorando le caratteristiche delle VEs è possibile valutare l’insorgenza e l’andamento di determinate patologie ‘silenti’, come ad esempio l’aterosclerosi. In determinati contesti cardiovascolari, le VEs svolgono anche ruoli rigenerativi e riparatori. Ovviamente saranno necessari ulteriori studi e l’applicazione di nuove tecnologie per far sì che le VEs possano essere considerate veri e propri strumenti sia di diagnosi che di prognosi nell’ambito delle patologie a eziologia aterosclerotica.
Vescicole extracellulari nel contesto dell'aterosclerosi = Extracellular vesicles in atherothrombosis / M. Ruscica, A. Rizzuto, C. Macchi, I. Fichtner, S. Carugo, A. Corsini. - In: GIORNALE ITALIANO DELL'ARTERIOSCLEROSI. - ISSN 2240-4821. - 15:3(2024), pp. 50-59.
Vescicole extracellulari nel contesto dell'aterosclerosi = Extracellular vesicles in atherothrombosis
M. Ruscica
Primo
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
;A. RizzutoSecondo
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
;C. MacchiWriting – Original Draft Preparation
;I. FichtnerWriting – Original Draft Preparation
;S. CarugoWriting – Original Draft Preparation
;A. CorsiniUltimo
Writing – Review & Editing
2024
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of nanoparticles released by almost all cell types into most biological fluids, under both physiological and pathological conditions. Given their ability of transporting molecular content (including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and even whole and/or fragmented organelles) from a donor cell to a recipient cell, EVs not only play a key role in paracrine and endocrine intercellular communication, but also represent an important source of molecular information that would otherwise be difficult to obtain. These charac- teristics render EVs particularly interesting in the context of the pathophysiological processes of cardiovascular diseases. Indeed, numerous studies demonstrate how significant alterations of certain EV aspects, such as circulat- ing concentration, size, and protein content, associate with specific features of disease, including, for example, se- verity. Consequently, EVs yield significant clinical potential as tools that may assist on a molecular level in the diag- nosis and monitoring of various diseases. In addition to their potential diagnostic role, EVs also represent promis- ing fingerprints in the clinical setting from a prognostic point of view. By monitoring the phenotypic characteristics of EVs, it is possible to assess the onset and progression of certain ‘silent’ diseases, such as for instance atheroscle- rosis. In certain cardiovascular settings, EVs also play regenerative and reparative roles. Extensive further studies and development of new technologies will be essential to establish EVs as practical tools for a routinely diagnostic clinical use.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
MASSIMILIANO RUSCICA.pdf
accesso aperto
Tipologia:
Publisher's version/PDF
Dimensione
863.85 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
863.85 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
Pubblicazioni consigliate
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.