Information concerning the longevity of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following natural infection may have considerable implications for durability of immunity induced by vaccines. Here, we monitored the SARS-CoV-2 specific immune response in COVID-19 patients followed up to 15 months after symptoms onset. Following a peak at day 15-28 postinfection, the IgG antibody response and plasma neutralizing titers gradually decreased over time but stabilized after 6 months. Compared to G614, plasma neutralizing titers were more than 8-fold lower against variants Beta, Gamma, and Delta. SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B and T cells persisted in the majority of patients up to 15 months although a significant decrease in specific T cells, but not B cells, was observed between 6 and 15 months. Antiviral specific immunity, especially memory B cells in COVID-19 convalescent patients, is long-lasting, but some variants of concern may at least partially escape the neutralizing activity of plasma antibodies.
Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 up to 15 months after infection / H. Marcotte, A. Piralla, F. Zuo, L. Du, I. Cassaniti, H. Wan, M. Kumagai-Braesh, J. Andréll, E. Percivalle, J.C. Sammartino, Y. Wang, S. Vlachiotis, J. Attevall, F. Bergami, A. Ferrari, M. Colaneri, M. Vecchia, M. Sambo, V. Zuccaro, E. Asperges, R. Bruno, T. Oggionni, F. Meloni, H. Abolhassani, F. Bertoglio, M. Schubert, L. Calzolai, L. Varani, M. Hust, Y. Xue, L. Hammarström, F. Baldanti, Q. Pan-Hammarström. - In: ISCIENCE. - ISSN 2589-0042. - 25:2(2022 Feb 18), pp. 103743.1-103743.20. [10.1016/j.isci.2022.103743]
Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 up to 15 months after infection
I. Cassaniti;M. Colaneri;V. Zuccaro;F. Meloni;
2022
Abstract
Information concerning the longevity of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following natural infection may have considerable implications for durability of immunity induced by vaccines. Here, we monitored the SARS-CoV-2 specific immune response in COVID-19 patients followed up to 15 months after symptoms onset. Following a peak at day 15-28 postinfection, the IgG antibody response and plasma neutralizing titers gradually decreased over time but stabilized after 6 months. Compared to G614, plasma neutralizing titers were more than 8-fold lower against variants Beta, Gamma, and Delta. SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B and T cells persisted in the majority of patients up to 15 months although a significant decrease in specific T cells, but not B cells, was observed between 6 and 15 months. Antiviral specific immunity, especially memory B cells in COVID-19 convalescent patients, is long-lasting, but some variants of concern may at least partially escape the neutralizing activity of plasma antibodies.
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