Six differently charged amphoteric polyamidoamines, synthesized by the polyaddition of N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide to alanine, leucine, serine, arginine (M-ARG), glutamic acid (M-GLU) and a glycine/cystine mixture, were screened for their short-term phytotoxicity using a seed germination test. Lepidium sativum L. seeds were incubated in polyamidoamine water solutions with concentrations ranging from 0.156 to 2.5 mg mL−1 at 25 ± 1 °C for 120 h. The seed germination percentage (SG%), an indicator of acute toxicity, and both root and shoot elongation, related to plant maturation, were the considered endpoints. The germination index (GI) was calculated as the product of relative seed germination times relative radical growth. The SG% values were in all cases comparable to those obtained in water, indicating no detectable acute phytotoxicity of the polyamidoamines. In the short term, the predominantly positively charged M-ARG proved to be phytotoxic at all concentrations (GI < 0.8), whereas the predominantly negatively charged M-GLU proved to be biostimulating at intermediate concentrations (GI > 1) and slightly inhibitory at 2.5 mg mL−1 (0.8 < GI < 1). Overall, polyamidoamine phytotoxicity could be correlated to charge distribution, demonstrating the potential of the test for predicting and interpreting the eco-toxicological behavior of water-soluble polyelectrolytes.

The Seed Germination Test as a Valuable Tool for the Short-Term Phytotoxicity Screening of Water-Soluble Polyamidoamines / E. Ranucci, S. Treccani, P. Ferruti, J. Alongi. - In: POLYMERS. - ISSN 2073-4360. - 16:12(2024 Jun 19), pp. 1744.1-1744.21. [10.3390/polym16121744]

The Seed Germination Test as a Valuable Tool for the Short-Term Phytotoxicity Screening of Water-Soluble Polyamidoamines

E. Ranucci
Primo
Conceptualization
;
S. Treccani
Secondo
Investigation
;
P. Ferruti
Penultimo
Conceptualization
;
J. Alongi
Ultimo
Conceptualization
2024

Abstract

Six differently charged amphoteric polyamidoamines, synthesized by the polyaddition of N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide to alanine, leucine, serine, arginine (M-ARG), glutamic acid (M-GLU) and a glycine/cystine mixture, were screened for their short-term phytotoxicity using a seed germination test. Lepidium sativum L. seeds were incubated in polyamidoamine water solutions with concentrations ranging from 0.156 to 2.5 mg mL−1 at 25 ± 1 °C for 120 h. The seed germination percentage (SG%), an indicator of acute toxicity, and both root and shoot elongation, related to plant maturation, were the considered endpoints. The germination index (GI) was calculated as the product of relative seed germination times relative radical growth. The SG% values were in all cases comparable to those obtained in water, indicating no detectable acute phytotoxicity of the polyamidoamines. In the short term, the predominantly positively charged M-ARG proved to be phytotoxic at all concentrations (GI < 0.8), whereas the predominantly negatively charged M-GLU proved to be biostimulating at intermediate concentrations (GI > 1) and slightly inhibitory at 2.5 mg mL−1 (0.8 < GI < 1). Overall, polyamidoamine phytotoxicity could be correlated to charge distribution, demonstrating the potential of the test for predicting and interpreting the eco-toxicological behavior of water-soluble polyelectrolytes.
seed germination test; polyamidoamine; flame retardant; phytotoxicity; eco-toxicity
Settore CHIM/04 - Chimica Industriale
   Eco-friendly, washing-durable FLAme-REtardant finishing for cotton fabrics by COvalent grafting of α-amino acid-derived polyamidoamines (FLARECO)
   FLARECO
   MINISTERO DELL'UNIVERSITA' E DELLA RICERCA
   202237JYZN_001
19-giu-2024
Article (author)
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/1065209
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