This essay focuses on a key aspect of contemporary, or algorithmic, photography: its autonomy with respect to human vision. This characteristic pertains as much to the photographic gesture, in the latest devices increasingly less based on disciplining the eye, as to the very nature of the created image which, due to the algorithms employed, no longer corresponds to the perceived, the instantaneous, the singular. The article traces a possible genealogy of this apparently unprecedented version of the photographic, by reconstructing the moment in which photography disengages itself from the act of seeing. This took place in the context of late Nineteenth century astronomy, in which an already “digital” practice of the analogue trace succeeded, first with photogrammetry and then, thanks to the labour of women “computers”, with photometry and spectrometry. The film negative was here construed as an archive of non-optical data which was nonetheless useful for the creation of maps or diagrams. These iconic acts – production of icons in Peirce’s terms – not corresponding to visual acts, but still indexical for their existential link with the celestial bodies, may also represent the semiotic model of contemporary postphotographic technical images.
Questo saggio si concentra su un aspetto chiave della fotografia contemporanea, o algoritmica: la sua autonomia rispetto alla visione umana. Questa caratteristica riguarda tanto il gesto fotografico, nei dispositivi più recenti sempre meno basato sul disciplinamento dell'occhio, quanto la natura stessa dell'immagine creata che, a causa degli algoritmi impiegati, non corrisponde più al percepito, all'istantaneo, al singolare. L'articolo traccia una possibile genealogia di questa versione apparentemente inedita della fotografia, ricostruendo il momento 196 astratti in cui la fotografia si svincola dall'atto del vedere. Ciò avviene nel contesto dell'astronomia di fine Ottocento, in cui una pratica già “digitale” della traccia ana-logica si afferma prima con la fotogrammetria e poi, grazie al lavoro delle donne “calcolatrici”, con la fotometria e la spettrometria. Il negativo della pellicola era qui interpretato come un archivio di dati non ottici, ma comunque utili per la creazione di mappe o diagrammi. Questi atti iconici - produzione di icone nei termini di Peirce - non corrispondenti ad atti visivi, ma pur sempre indicali per il loro legame esistenziale con i corpi celesti, possono anche rappresentare il modello semiotico delle immagini tecniche contemporanee, per le quali, di conseguenza, può essere ripristinata l'etichetta di post-fotografia.
Archaeology of the postphotographic image. Photogrammetry, photometry and the post-optical regime (in Nineteenth century astronomy) / B. Grespi. - In: LA VALLE DELL'EDEN. - ISSN 1970-6391. - 41-42:(2023 Dec 20), pp. 119-141. [10.13135/1970-6391/10835]
Archaeology of the postphotographic image. Photogrammetry, photometry and the post-optical regime (in Nineteenth century astronomy)
B. Grespi
2023
Abstract
This essay focuses on a key aspect of contemporary, or algorithmic, photography: its autonomy with respect to human vision. This characteristic pertains as much to the photographic gesture, in the latest devices increasingly less based on disciplining the eye, as to the very nature of the created image which, due to the algorithms employed, no longer corresponds to the perceived, the instantaneous, the singular. The article traces a possible genealogy of this apparently unprecedented version of the photographic, by reconstructing the moment in which photography disengages itself from the act of seeing. This took place in the context of late Nineteenth century astronomy, in which an already “digital” practice of the analogue trace succeeded, first with photogrammetry and then, thanks to the labour of women “computers”, with photometry and spectrometry. The film negative was here construed as an archive of non-optical data which was nonetheless useful for the creation of maps or diagrams. These iconic acts – production of icons in Peirce’s terms – not corresponding to visual acts, but still indexical for their existential link with the celestial bodies, may also represent the semiotic model of contemporary postphotographic technical images.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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