When the K+ channel-like protein Kesv from Ectocarpus siliculosus virus 1 is heterologously expressed in mammalian cells, it is sorted to the mitochondria. This targeting can be redirected to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by altering the codon usage in distinct regions of the gene or by inserting a triplet of hydrophobic amino acids (AAs) into the protein's C-terminal transmembrane domain (ct-TMD). Systematic variations in the flavor of the inserted AAs and/or its codon usage show that a positive charge in the inserted AA triplet alone serves as strong signal for mitochondria sorting. In cases of neutral AA triplets, mitochondria sorting are favored by a combination of hydrophilic AAs and rarely used codons; sorting to the ER exhibits the inverse dependency. This propensity for ER sorting is particularly high when a common codon follows a rarer one in the AA triplet; mitochondria sorting in contrast is supported by codon uniformity. Since parameters like positive charge, hydrophobic AAs, and common codons are known to facilitate elongation of nascent proteins in the ribosome the data suggest a mechanism in which local changes in elongation velocity and co-translational folding in the ct-TMD influence intracellular protein sorting.

Combination of hydrophobicity and codon usage bias determines sorting of model K+ channel protein to either mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum / A.J. Engel, S. Paech, M. Langhans, J.L. van Etten, A. Moroni, G. Thiel, O. Rauh. - In: TRAFFIC. - ISSN 1398-9219. - 24:11(2023 Nov), pp. 533-545. [10.1111/tra.12915]

Combination of hydrophobicity and codon usage bias determines sorting of model K+ channel protein to either mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum

A. Moroni;
2023

Abstract

When the K+ channel-like protein Kesv from Ectocarpus siliculosus virus 1 is heterologously expressed in mammalian cells, it is sorted to the mitochondria. This targeting can be redirected to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by altering the codon usage in distinct regions of the gene or by inserting a triplet of hydrophobic amino acids (AAs) into the protein's C-terminal transmembrane domain (ct-TMD). Systematic variations in the flavor of the inserted AAs and/or its codon usage show that a positive charge in the inserted AA triplet alone serves as strong signal for mitochondria sorting. In cases of neutral AA triplets, mitochondria sorting are favored by a combination of hydrophilic AAs and rarely used codons; sorting to the ER exhibits the inverse dependency. This propensity for ER sorting is particularly high when a common codon follows a rarer one in the AA triplet; mitochondria sorting in contrast is supported by codon uniformity. Since parameters like positive charge, hydrophobic AAs, and common codons are known to facilitate elongation of nascent proteins in the ribosome the data suggest a mechanism in which local changes in elongation velocity and co-translational folding in the ct-TMD influence intracellular protein sorting.
codon usage; effect of synonymous codon exchange; membrane protein sorting; transmembrane domain hydrophobicity
Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia
   Noninvasive Manipulation of Gating in Ion Channels
   noMAGIC
   EUROPEAN COMMISSION
   H2020
   695078
nov-2023
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/1049264
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