Patia disfunzionale cranio-cervicale nei subacquei delle forze speciali sottoposti a stress psico-fisico prolungato: Valutazione neuromuscolare

Aim: To determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and the neuromuscular system variations in scuba divers of the Navy and to identify the risk factors for the development of TMD signs and symptoms before and after diving by: questionnaire, electromyography, stabilography, Cone Beam CT, MRI, spirometry. Material and methods: Each diver answered a questionnaire and undergone to neuromuscular, muscular and postural tests before and after diving, besides to MRI and to CBCT exams Results: The prevalence of TMD symptoms after diving was about 93% vs 32% before diving. The neuromuscular answers after diving (T3) were highly different from rest situation before immersion (T0): percent overlapping coefficient T0 - T3 p=0,0001 (p<0,001); impact T0 - T3 p=0,0087 (p<0,01). Conclusion: Scuba divers exhibiting TMD-related symptoms have met the greatest risk of developing TMJ dysfunction and neuromuscular changes during and after the dive. But also in asymptomatic divers, before the dive, TMD is a common problem after it.