Paving the green path: A novel approach to material manufacturing using LCA

Perovskite oxides have garnered immense interest across diverse fields owing to their exceptional properties. Among these, SrTiO3 is an excellent photocatalyst under UV light and boasts remarkable thermal stability, rendering it ideal for high-temperature applications. While various synthesis methods exist for SrTiO3, prioritizing environmentally friendly processes, even at the laboratory scale, remains crucial. This study introduces a pioneering life cycle assessment (LCA) comparing six SrTiO3 synthesis techniques (solid-state reaction, sonochemical, sol–gel, hydrothermal, solvothermal, and molten-salt) to gauge their environmental impacts, pinpoint potential concerns, and offer insights for the future. Interestingly, methods like molten salt and sol–gel display higher pollution tendencies due to significant energy usage, particularly during drying and calcination stages. Conversely, the solid-state reaction and ultrasound-assisted methods emerge as sustainable pathways for crafting environmentally conscious SrTiO3 materials. Significantly, electricity emerges as a pivotal factor influencing environmental impact, urging the exploration of alternatives and the need for strategic decisions. This investigation not only sheds light on the ecological footprint of SrTiO3 synthesis but also underscores the urgency for adopting greener approaches in materials manufacturing.