Targeting Chemokines in Cancer

The chemokine system is now recognized as a key element in cancer-related inflammation because it can affect tumor progression acting on tumor-stroma and also directly on tumor cells. Chemokines are produced by both tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment and modulate not only leukocyte infiltration and angiogenesis but also senescence, cell survival and metastasis. Here, we review available information in preclinical and clinical settings that suggest that the chemokine system represents a valuable target for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies.