The circadian rhythm plays a fundamental role in regulating biological functions, including sleep–wake preference, body temperature, hormonal secretion, food intake, and cognitive and physical performance. Alterations in circadian rhythm can lead to chronic disease and impaired sleep. The circadian rhythmicity in human beings is represented by a complex phenotype. Indeed, over a 24-h period, a person’s preferred time to be more active or to sleep can be expressed in the concept of morningness–eveningness. Three chronotypes are distinguished: Morning, Neither, and Evening-types. Interindividual differences in chronotypes need to be considered to reduce the negative effects of circadian disruptions on health. In the present review, we examine the bi- directional influences of the rest–activity circadian rhythm and sleep–wake cycle in chronic pathologies and disorders. We analyze the concept and the main characteristics of the three chronotypes.

Biological rhythm and chronotype : new perspectives in health / A. Montaruli, L. Castelli, A. Mule', R. Scurati, F. Esposito, L. Galasso, E. Roveda. - In: BIOMOLECULES. - ISSN 2218-273X. - 11:4(2021 Mar 24), pp. 487.1-487.20. [10.3390/biom11040487]

Biological rhythm and chronotype : new perspectives in health

A. Montaruli
Primo
;
L. Castelli
Secondo
;
A. Mule';R. Scurati;F. Esposito;L. Galasso
Penultimo
;
E. Roveda
Ultimo
2021

Abstract

The circadian rhythm plays a fundamental role in regulating biological functions, including sleep–wake preference, body temperature, hormonal secretion, food intake, and cognitive and physical performance. Alterations in circadian rhythm can lead to chronic disease and impaired sleep. The circadian rhythmicity in human beings is represented by a complex phenotype. Indeed, over a 24-h period, a person’s preferred time to be more active or to sleep can be expressed in the concept of morningness–eveningness. Three chronotypes are distinguished: Morning, Neither, and Evening-types. Interindividual differences in chronotypes need to be considered to reduce the negative effects of circadian disruptions on health. In the present review, we examine the bi- directional influences of the rest–activity circadian rhythm and sleep–wake cycle in chronic pathologies and disorders. We analyze the concept and the main characteristics of the three chronotypes.
chronotype; circadian typology; circadian rhythm; rest–activity; sleep; social jet lag; health; chronic diseases; melatonin
Settore BIO/16 - Anatomia Umana
Settore M-EDF/01 - Metodi e Didattiche delle Attivita' Motorie
Settore M-EDF/02 - Metodi e Didattiche delle Attivita' Sportive
24-mar-2021
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/827672
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