Ancoraggio in ortodonzia: Revisione della letteratura

Objectives: Anchorage is resistance to an unwanted dental movement. The aim of this study is to analyze the biologic background for a correct control of the anchorage and to evaluate the different kinds of anchorage depending on the movement to be obtained. Materials and methods: A systematic revision of the literature on orthodontic anchorage has been done on US National Library of Medicine on Medline database (www.ncbi.nim.nih.gov/pubmed). Keywords chosen were: "orthodontic and anchorage". Fifteen articles were chosen: the full texts were evaluated. Results: A good anchorage depends on the cellular activity of the periodontal system. From a biologic point of view the best anchorage is seen when there are no changes in the periodontal turn over. This can be obtained when the forces acting on the periodontal ligament and on the periodontal bone do not exceed the threshold promoting a dental movement. Conclusions: The aim of the biomechanical forces is to minimize the unwanted side effects and to maximize the desired dental movements.