L'effetto sincronizzante dell'esercizio fisico : un percorso di ricerca

The synchronizing effects of the physical exercise: a research path. Three studies, concerning influences of the time of training on the circadian structure in humans, are presented. Goals of the researches are: to define how the time of training modifies the circadian structure; to evaluate if is possible face diseases related with biological rhythms disorders thanks to the training; to define guide lines for athletes, trainers and specialists. The works: STUDY 1) Influences of the time of training on the HR circadian rhythm; STUDY 2) reduction of the Jet Lag symptoms pre-adjusting the circadian structure by a training plan before an eastward trans-meridian flight; STUDY 3) synchronization state and effects of the training on the sleep and the circadian structure in lack of daylight conditions above the Artic Circle in north of Norway. The studies indicate it is possible to asses that the time of training influences the circadian structure, in particular an evening training induces a delay (3 hours in average) of the Acrophases of several Marker Rhythms (like HR and Activity Levels). This phenomenon can be used to induce a pre-adjustment of the circadian structure before an east-ward flight to prevent or reduce the symptoms of the Jet Lag syndrome, thanks to a reduction of the phase shift. It also seems that a regular morning training can reduce the psycho-physical symptoms that the people who live into the Circumpolar Circle commonly experience during the winter months, increasing the activity levels and improving the sleep quality.