Oral carriage of candidiasis in patients with oral dental diseases : predisposing factors, species and their antifungal susceptibility patterns

The aim of this study was to evaluate prevalence, frequency and predisposing factors as well as their antifungal susceptibility pattern of oral candidiasis (OC) in patients attending outpatient’s dental clinic with various dental diseases. A total of 150 patients were enrolled in this study aged from 4 to 73 years attended outpatient dental clinic, at Zahra district Tripoli, Libya between May 20017 and May 2018. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of yeasts in the oral cavity, and to determine the main yeast species present, their correlation with various dental problems as well as other predisposing factors and there antifungal susceptibility patterns. One hundred and fifty patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were submitted to an odontological examination for the identification of dental caries and dental plaque, and other dental problems, as well as for yeast culture. Identification of all species was based on standard mycological methods and antifungal susceptibility test was performed by using disk diffusion susceptibility method and several antifungal drugs such as (fluconazole, amphotericin B, ketoconazole, econazole, itraconazole) were used. The frequency oral carriage of yeasts was 64 % (96), with 78% aged from 20 to 60 years old. Caries, plaque, gingivitis periodontitis, and lower teeth are the most dental problem in which, more than 50% harbors candida species in their oral cavity. Diabetes, pregnancy and smoking, is among common predisposing factors. Candida albicans was the most prevalent species (41.7%), C. glabrate (27.1%) and C. dubliniensis (11.5%). Susceptibility test show that Candida albicans was highly resistant to most azole antifungal and Candida dubliniensis was highly resistant to fluocytosine. Other candida species show variable susceptibility to various antifungal drugs. Aim of study: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of yeasts in the oral cavity, and to determine the main yeast species present, their correlation with various dental problems as well as other predisposing factors and there antifungal susceptibility patterns. One hundred and fifty patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were submitted to an odontological examination for the identification of dental caries and dental plaque, and other dental problems, as well as for yeast culture. Identification of all species was based on standard mycological methods and antifungal susceptibility test was performed by using disk diffusion susceptibility method and several antifungal drugs such as (fluconazole, amphotericin B, ketoconazole, econazole, itraconazole) were used. Material and methods: One hundred and fifty patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were submitted to an odontological examination for the identification of dental caries and dental plaque, and other dental problems, as well as for yeast culture. Identification of all species was based on standard mycological methods and antifungal susceptibility test was performed by using disk diffusion susceptibility method and several antifungal drugs such as (fluconazole, amphotericin B, ketoconazole, econazole, itraconazole) were used. Results: The frequency oral carriage of yeasts was 64 % (96), with 78% aged from 20 to 60 years old. Caries, plaque, gingivitis periodontitis, and lower teeth are the most dental problem in which, more than 50% harbors candida species in their oral cavity. Diabetes, pregnancy and smoking, is among common predisposing factors. Candida albicans was the most prevalent species (41.7%), C. glabrate (27.1%) and C. dubliniensis (11.5%). Susceptibility test show that Candida albicans was highly resistant to most azole antifungal and Candida dubliniensis was highly resistant to fluocytosine. Other candida species show variable susceptibility to various antifungal drugs. Conclusion: This finding indicated a correlation between the presence of caries and other dental diseases with yeasts carriage in the mouth. However, there was no clear cut correlation between yeasts carriage in healthy and health patients.