Histone lysine methylation is one of the posttranslational modifications involved in transcriptional regulation and chromatin remodeling. The first lysine specific histone demethylase (LSD1) has been recently discovered, whichrules out the hypothesis that histone methylation represents a permanent epigenetic mark. LSD1 (previously known as KIAA0601) has been typically found in association with CoREST (a corepressor protein) and histone deacetylases 1 and 2, forming a highly conserved core complex. These proteins have been shown to be part of several megadalton corepressor complexes, which are proposed to operate in the context of a stable and extended form of repression through silencing of entire chromatin domains. LSD1 is a FAD-dependent protein that specifically catalyzes the demethylation of Lys4 of histone H3 by an oxidative process. The amino acid sequence of the human enzyme (90 kDa) has a modular organization with an N-terminal SWIRM domain, which has been found to mediate protein-protein interactions, and a C-terminal domain similar to FAD-dependent amine oxidases. Three assays based on different events of the demethylation reaction can be used to study LSD1 biochemical properties. The strict substrate specificity of LSD1 suggests the existence of other putative histone lysine demethylases that may use alternative mechanisms for the regulation of this posttranslational modification.

Demethylation pathways for histone methyllysine residues / F. Forneris, C. Binda, M.A. Vanoni, A. Mattevi, E. Battaglioli - In: Protein Methyltransferases / [a cura di] S.G. Clarke, F. Tamanoi. - Amsterdam : Academic Press, 2006. - ISBN 9780080460420. - pp. 229-242

Demethylation pathways for histone methyllysine residues

M.A. Vanoni;E. Battaglioli
Ultimo
2006

Abstract

Histone lysine methylation is one of the posttranslational modifications involved in transcriptional regulation and chromatin remodeling. The first lysine specific histone demethylase (LSD1) has been recently discovered, whichrules out the hypothesis that histone methylation represents a permanent epigenetic mark. LSD1 (previously known as KIAA0601) has been typically found in association with CoREST (a corepressor protein) and histone deacetylases 1 and 2, forming a highly conserved core complex. These proteins have been shown to be part of several megadalton corepressor complexes, which are proposed to operate in the context of a stable and extended form of repression through silencing of entire chromatin domains. LSD1 is a FAD-dependent protein that specifically catalyzes the demethylation of Lys4 of histone H3 by an oxidative process. The amino acid sequence of the human enzyme (90 kDa) has a modular organization with an N-terminal SWIRM domain, which has been found to mediate protein-protein interactions, and a C-terminal domain similar to FAD-dependent amine oxidases. Three assays based on different events of the demethylation reaction can be used to study LSD1 biochemical properties. The strict substrate specificity of LSD1 suggests the existence of other putative histone lysine demethylases that may use alternative mechanisms for the regulation of this posttranslational modification.
arginine-rich histones; oxidative demethylation; epsilon-alkyllysinase; methylation; chromatin; domain; purification; acetylation; candidate; turnover
Settore BIO/10 - Biochimica
Settore BIO/13 - Biologia Applicata
2006
Book Part (author)
File in questo prodotto:
Non ci sono file associati a questo prodotto.
Pubblicazioni consigliate

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/31050
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? 0
  • Scopus 0
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 1
social impact