BACKGROUND: Young children have a high incidence of influenza and influenza-related complications. This study compared the efficacy and safety of cold-adapted influenza vaccine, trivalent (CAIV-T) with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) in young children with a history of recurrent respiratory tract infections (RTIs). METHODS: Children 6 to 71 months of age were randomized to receive 2 doses of CAIV-T (n = 1101) or TIV (n = 1086), 35 ± 7 days apart before the start of the 2002-2003 influenza season and were followed up for culture-confirmed influenza, effectiveness outcomes, reactogenicity, and adverse events. RESULTS: Overall, 52.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 21.6%-72.2%) fewer cases of influenza caused by virus strains antigenically similar to vaccine were observed in CAIV-T than in TIV recipients. Greater relative efficacy for CAIV-T was observed for the antigenically similar A/H1N1 (100.0%; 95% CI = 42.3%-100.0%) and B (68.0%; 95% CI = 37.3%-84.8%) strains but not for the antigenically similar A/H3N2 strains (-97.1%; 95% CI = -540.2% to 31.5%). Relative to TIV, CAIV-T reduced the number of RTI-related healthcare provider visits by 8.9% (90% CI = 1.5%-15.8%) and missed days of school, kindergarten, or day care by 16.2% (90% CI = 10.4%-21.6%). Rhinitis and rhinorrhea, otitis media, and decreased appetite were the only events that were reported more frequently in CAIV-T subjects. There was no difference between groups in the incidence of wheezing after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: CAIV-T was well tolerated in these children with RTIs and demonstrated superior relative efficacy compared with TIV in preventing influenza illness. Copyright

Superior relative efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine compared with inactivated influenza vaccine in young children with recurrent respiratory tract infections / S. Ashkenazi,A. Vertruyen, J. Aristegui, S. Esposito, DD. McKeith, T. Klemola, J. Biolek, J. Kuhr, T. Bujnowski, D. Desgrandshamps, SM. Cheng, J. Skineer, WC. Gruber, BD. Forrest for the CAIV-T study group. - In: THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL. - ISSN 0891-3668. - 25:10(2006), pp. 870-879. [10.1097/01.inf.0000237829.66310.85]

Superior relative efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine compared with inactivated influenza vaccine in young children with recurrent respiratory tract infections.

S. Esposito;
2006

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Young children have a high incidence of influenza and influenza-related complications. This study compared the efficacy and safety of cold-adapted influenza vaccine, trivalent (CAIV-T) with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) in young children with a history of recurrent respiratory tract infections (RTIs). METHODS: Children 6 to 71 months of age were randomized to receive 2 doses of CAIV-T (n = 1101) or TIV (n = 1086), 35 ± 7 days apart before the start of the 2002-2003 influenza season and were followed up for culture-confirmed influenza, effectiveness outcomes, reactogenicity, and adverse events. RESULTS: Overall, 52.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 21.6%-72.2%) fewer cases of influenza caused by virus strains antigenically similar to vaccine were observed in CAIV-T than in TIV recipients. Greater relative efficacy for CAIV-T was observed for the antigenically similar A/H1N1 (100.0%; 95% CI = 42.3%-100.0%) and B (68.0%; 95% CI = 37.3%-84.8%) strains but not for the antigenically similar A/H3N2 strains (-97.1%; 95% CI = -540.2% to 31.5%). Relative to TIV, CAIV-T reduced the number of RTI-related healthcare provider visits by 8.9% (90% CI = 1.5%-15.8%) and missed days of school, kindergarten, or day care by 16.2% (90% CI = 10.4%-21.6%). Rhinitis and rhinorrhea, otitis media, and decreased appetite were the only events that were reported more frequently in CAIV-T subjects. There was no difference between groups in the incidence of wheezing after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: CAIV-T was well tolerated in these children with RTIs and demonstrated superior relative efficacy compared with TIV in preventing influenza illness. Copyright
Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale e Specialistica
2006
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/30552
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