Intraoral prevalent clinical signs in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis in orthodontic treatment

Aim: Evaluate the prevalence of possible recurrent clinical signs in oral cavity of patients during orthodontic treatment affected by Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), with the aid of a specially prepared data collecting chart. Methods: During the first visit (T0), 53 patients with AIG, aged between 10 and 21, 41 females and 12 males, were selected. Today a second observation (T1) was executed only for 233 of them, 17 females and 16 males. Two plaque indexes, the “Full Mouth Plaque Score” (FMPS) with the Silness e Löe plaque index (PI) on 6 surfaces, (FMBS) with the bleeding score (GBI) on 6 surfaces giving 4 classification on codes, were compared. Results: The average of the actual results indicates that 62% of the analyzed surface presented plaque (FMPS) during the first visit, while the effective quantity of it was of 36% (PI) 57% of the sample, which was observed in second visit, showed a Full Mouth Plaque Score of 63% and Plaque Index of 33%. In T0 in 9% of the considered sites were found bleeding by probing (FMBS) and a periodontal flaming degree (GBI) of 4%; instead, in T1 were found a Full Mouth Bleeding Score of 6% and a periodontal flaming degree of 2%. Always at T0, 8 carious dental elements, 2 filled, besides 14 elements with presence of White Spot Lesions (WSLs) and 12 sealed occlusal surfaces, were observed. Conclusion: From the current data a discrepancy between the present quantity of bacterial plaque and periodontal flaming degree emerges. In reference to T0 and T1, comparing the used indexes, unchanged results of plaque indexes were found. Counter to this, the bleeding levels shows a reduction, respectively of 33 for Full Mouth Bleeding Score (FMBS) and of 50% for periodontal flaming degree (GBI). The results referred to the presence of caries, fillings, sealants and White spot Lesions (WSLs) do not deviate from the values actually present in literature.