Association of binge-eating and its co-morbidities to adiposity and metabolic syndrome components in impaired fasting glucose subjects is sex and age-dependent: an Italian experience

Binge-eating (BE) is characterized by recurrent episodes of abnormally large amounts of food consumption in a discrete period of time, with a sense of loss of control over eating. It is common in obese individuals and it is frequently associated to anxiety (Ax) and depression (Dp). Its prevalence is not increased in type 2 diabetes but no data are available in prediabetes. We examined prevalence and association of BE, Ax and Dp with adiposity (BF) and metabolic syndrome components in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFGs) (n=1120, 59,9% female, 53±12 ys) and normal fasting glucose (NFGs),(n= 3022, 76.5% female, 43±14 ys) seeking weight loss treatment. We also evaluated the effect of BE, Ax or Dp disorders on nutritional status and metabolic profile in IFGs. Subjects completed a self-report measure of eating disorder symptoms (BES scale), anxiety (STAI-XII) and depression (QD scale). Nutritional and metabolic status were assessed by anthropometric measurements, abdominal ultrasonography for visceral fat (VF) and biochemical analysis. BF and VF were increased in young female and in mid-aged male BE+IFGs whereas metabolic syndrome components were similar to BE-IFGs. In mid-aged males, Dp+IFGs had increased BMI, BF and VF and a worse metabolic profile. No significant differences occurred between Ax+ and Ax- IFGs. In conclusion the prevalence of BE and Dp is higher in mid-aged prediabetic females. Moreover in young females and mid-aged males the effects of IFG, BE and Dp on nutritional and metabolic parameters seem cumulative.