L'evoluzione storica del Benchmark come strumento di valutazione della performance : dall'industria alla finanza

The benchmarking, like we will see in the course of the job and we like us propose showing, before have used in financial circle, has found origin and developed the own methods of investigation in industrial circle. Benchmarking however it is not a term that finds his roots in economic circle-: it derives, in fact, from the circle of the surveying. The definition of the Webster dictionary is a good point of departure for look for of "return to the origins" and understand the birth of the [benchmark]:" A signal of the surveyor of a position previously used like point of reference a standard for measure or appraise something." The tool of the object, told also hydrometer or measurer of level, in fact, to which the idea of benchmark, particularly, comes in partnership it has used for effect alignments and for individualize points on the ground that are comparable, for then proceed to the measurement and to the cartographic representation. Possible is also see an origin of the term benchmark in the sign that the tailors and the sellers of English cloths traced on the tables for facilitate and quicken the measurement of the fabrics. Any it is the descent of the term, it appears clear that his purpose is of measure using unity of base and of comparison that they allow of given for their nature a great deal different. The origin of the benchmark, that is of the comparison through the measurement of [performance], in industrial circle, object of this study, it has his theoretical consecration to work of Robert C. Camp in the 1979, year in which he comes entrusted of effect any studies for account of the Xerox society, on which we will stop more ahead. His origins, however, they place more back in the time and precisely immediately after the end of the Second World War. In effects the roots of the use of the [benchmarking] they sink in the fertile terrestrial of the seam of theoretical thought and in the practice of the Quality Management