A review. Heart failure increases the resistance to gas transfer across the alveolar-capillary membrane. Disruption of the alveolar anatomical configuration and impairment of cellular pathways involved in the fluid-flux regulation and gas-exchange efficiency (i.e., 'stress failure' of the alveolar-capillary membrane) has been well characterized in different exptl. settings of vascular-capillary injury. In heart failure, the appreciation of the pathophysiol. relevance of alveolar stress failure continues to grow. Alveolar-capillary membrane conductance and capillary blood vol. are the subcomponents of lung-diffusion capacity. An alveolar-capillary membrane conductance redn. with a trend of capillary blood vol. to increase and with consequent impairment of gas exchange, are typical of the heart-failure syndrome. Alveolar-capillary membrane conductance abnormalities have been shown to reflect the underlying lung-tissue damage, to bring an independent prognostic information and to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of exercise limitation and ventilatory abnormalities. This review focuses on the current knowledge on this topic.
Pathophysiology and treatment of alveolar-capillary dysfunction in chronic heart failure / M. Guazzi. - In: THERAPY. - ISSN 1475-0708. - 2:4(2005), pp. 641-648. [10.2217/14750708.2.4.641]
Pathophysiology and treatment of alveolar-capillary dysfunction in chronic heart failure
M. GuazziPrimo
2005
Abstract
A review. Heart failure increases the resistance to gas transfer across the alveolar-capillary membrane. Disruption of the alveolar anatomical configuration and impairment of cellular pathways involved in the fluid-flux regulation and gas-exchange efficiency (i.e., 'stress failure' of the alveolar-capillary membrane) has been well characterized in different exptl. settings of vascular-capillary injury. In heart failure, the appreciation of the pathophysiol. relevance of alveolar stress failure continues to grow. Alveolar-capillary membrane conductance and capillary blood vol. are the subcomponents of lung-diffusion capacity. An alveolar-capillary membrane conductance redn. with a trend of capillary blood vol. to increase and with consequent impairment of gas exchange, are typical of the heart-failure syndrome. Alveolar-capillary membrane conductance abnormalities have been shown to reflect the underlying lung-tissue damage, to bring an independent prognostic information and to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of exercise limitation and ventilatory abnormalities. This review focuses on the current knowledge on this topic.Pubblicazioni consigliate
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