Epidemiological studies suggest a potential role of glucosinolates (GSLs) and isothiocyanates on human health. However, evidence from intervention studies, due to heterogeneity in features of study design, duration, participants, food or food components administered, and outcomes analyzed, is still insufficient. The current review aims to provide an overview of the trials on GSLs and GSL-rich foods registered over the last 20 years with the intention to summarize the main topics and results, but also the existing gaps that still need to be covered. Studies were collected by using ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) registry. A total of 87 registered trials were identified with which most of them were performed by using extracts or pure compounds (n = 60) while few were conducted with GSL-rich foods (n = 27). In detail, sulforaphane was the most investigated compound, while broccoli was the most frequent food tested in the trials. The majority of the studies assessed the health effects of GSLs focusing on outcomes related to cancer and cognitive function, even if the current findings are not univocal. Emerging topics also included the study of GSLs and gut microbiota interaction and impact on skin health. Further attention was also drawn to the bioavailability of GSLs and/or derivatives from foods, extracts, and single compounds by also considering the contribution of the different genetic polymorphisms. In conclusion, although considerable efforts have been made to study GSLs and GSL-rich foods, further studies are necessary to provide evidence-based research and to corroborate the findings obtained. The interindividual response due to genetic polymorphisms should be further investigated in order to explore the contribution to the overall beneficial effect.

An overview of registered clinical trials on glucosinolates and human health : the current situation / M. Marino, D. Martini, S. Venturi, M. Tucci, M. Porrini, P. Riso, C. Del Bo'. - In: FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION. - ISSN 2296-861X. - 8(2021 Oct 27), pp. 730906.1-730906.25. [10.3389/fnut.2021.730906]

An overview of registered clinical trials on glucosinolates and human health : the current situation

M. Marino
Primo
;
D. Martini
Secondo
;
S. Venturi;M. Tucci;M. Porrini;P. Riso
Penultimo
;
C. Del Bo'
Ultimo
2021

Abstract

Epidemiological studies suggest a potential role of glucosinolates (GSLs) and isothiocyanates on human health. However, evidence from intervention studies, due to heterogeneity in features of study design, duration, participants, food or food components administered, and outcomes analyzed, is still insufficient. The current review aims to provide an overview of the trials on GSLs and GSL-rich foods registered over the last 20 years with the intention to summarize the main topics and results, but also the existing gaps that still need to be covered. Studies were collected by using ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) registry. A total of 87 registered trials were identified with which most of them were performed by using extracts or pure compounds (n = 60) while few were conducted with GSL-rich foods (n = 27). In detail, sulforaphane was the most investigated compound, while broccoli was the most frequent food tested in the trials. The majority of the studies assessed the health effects of GSLs focusing on outcomes related to cancer and cognitive function, even if the current findings are not univocal. Emerging topics also included the study of GSLs and gut microbiota interaction and impact on skin health. Further attention was also drawn to the bioavailability of GSLs and/or derivatives from foods, extracts, and single compounds by also considering the contribution of the different genetic polymorphisms. In conclusion, although considerable efforts have been made to study GSLs and GSL-rich foods, further studies are necessary to provide evidence-based research and to corroborate the findings obtained. The interindividual response due to genetic polymorphisms should be further investigated in order to explore the contribution to the overall beneficial effect.
bioactives; Brassicaceae; sulfur compounds; clinical trials; human nutrition; health outcomes; food; food extracts
Settore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche Applicate
   An integrated approach to the challenge of sustainable food systems: adaptive and mitigatory strategies to address climate change and malnutrition (SYSTEMIC MIMOSA)
   SYSTEMIC MIMOSA
   MINISTERO DELLE POLITICHE AGRICOLE ALIMENTARI, FORESTALI E DEL TURISMO
   EoI 1056
27-ott-2021
Article (author)
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
Marino et al 2021_fnut-08-730906.pdf

accesso aperto

Descrizione: Versione dell'editore
Tipologia: Publisher's version/PDF
Dimensione 2.66 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
2.66 MB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri
Pubblicazioni consigliate

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/877810
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 20
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 19
social impact