Online written exams at the University of Milan during COVID-19 crisis

The paper deals with the problem of carrying on online written exams in the University of Milan, suddenly closed due to the Covid-19 emergency. Main goal of the paper is to present and compare the different scenarios envisioned, depending on the number of students to be monitored in parallel to avoid cheating. After illustrating the solutions identified at the beginning of the pandemic, the paper concentrates on what happened since May 2020 up the end of April 2021, when these solutions have been adopted by the University. In particular, the paper shows how the different envisaged scenarios have been perceived and applied by the teachers. An analysis of grades given to students before and during pandemic is also included.