Ever since Darwin postulated that the tip of the root is sensitive to moisture differences and that it "transmits an influence to the upper adjoining part, which bends towards the source of moisture" [Darwin C, Darwin F (1880) The Power of Movement in Plants, pp 572-574], the signal underlying this tropic response has remained elusive. Using the FRET-based Cameleon Ca2+ sensor in planta, we show that a water potential gradient applied across the root tip generates a slow, long-distance asymmetric cytosolic Ca2+ signal in the phloem, which peaks at the elongation zone, where it is dispersed laterally and asymmetrically to peripheral cells, where cell elongation occurs. In addition, the MIZ1 protein, whose biochemical function is unknown but is required for root curvature toward water, is indispensable for generating the slow, long-distance Ca2+ signal. Furthermore, biochemical and genetic manipulations that elevate cytosolic Ca2+ levels, including mutants of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+-ATPase isoform ECA1, enhance root curvature toward water. Finally, coimmunoprecipitation of plant proteins and functional complementation assays in yeast cells revealed that MIZ1 directly binds to ECA1 and inhibits its activity. We suggest that the inhibition of ECA1 by MIZ1 changes the balance between cytosolic Ca2+ influx and efflux and generates the cytosolic Ca2+ signal required for water tracking.

MIZ1 regulates ECA1 to generate a slow, long-distance phloem-transmitted Ca2+ signal essential for root water tracking in Arabidopsis / D. Shkolnik, R. Nuriel, M.C. Bonza, A. Costa, H. Fromm. - In: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. - ISSN 0027-8424. - 115:31(2018 Jul 31), pp. 8031-8036.

MIZ1 regulates ECA1 to generate a slow, long-distance phloem-transmitted Ca2+ signal essential for root water tracking in Arabidopsis

M.C. Bonza;A. Costa
Penultimo
;
2018

Abstract

Ever since Darwin postulated that the tip of the root is sensitive to moisture differences and that it "transmits an influence to the upper adjoining part, which bends towards the source of moisture" [Darwin C, Darwin F (1880) The Power of Movement in Plants, pp 572-574], the signal underlying this tropic response has remained elusive. Using the FRET-based Cameleon Ca2+ sensor in planta, we show that a water potential gradient applied across the root tip generates a slow, long-distance asymmetric cytosolic Ca2+ signal in the phloem, which peaks at the elongation zone, where it is dispersed laterally and asymmetrically to peripheral cells, where cell elongation occurs. In addition, the MIZ1 protein, whose biochemical function is unknown but is required for root curvature toward water, is indispensable for generating the slow, long-distance Ca2+ signal. Furthermore, biochemical and genetic manipulations that elevate cytosolic Ca2+ levels, including mutants of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+-ATPase isoform ECA1, enhance root curvature toward water. Finally, coimmunoprecipitation of plant proteins and functional complementation assays in yeast cells revealed that MIZ1 directly binds to ECA1 and inhibits its activity. We suggest that the inhibition of ECA1 by MIZ1 changes the balance between cytosolic Ca2+ influx and efflux and generates the cytosolic Ca2+ signal required for water tracking.
Arabidopsis; ECA1; MIZ1; calcium; hydrotropism
Settore BIO/04 - Fisiologia Vegetale
31-lug-2018
Article (author)
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
Shkolnik et al 2018.pdf

accesso aperto

Tipologia: Publisher's version/PDF
Dimensione 1.2 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
1.2 MB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri
Pubblicazioni consigliate

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/584037
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? 21
  • Scopus 66
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 62
social impact