The cloning of estrogen receptors (ERs) and generation of ER-deficient mice have increased our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular effects of estrogen. It is conceivable that clinical trials of estrogens so far failed to improve cardiovascular health because of the poor ER isoform selectivity and tissue specificity of endogenous hormones as well as incorrect treatment timing and regimens. Tissue-selective ER modulators (SERMs) may be safer agents than endogenous estrogens for cardiovascular disease. Yet, designing isoform-selective ER ligands (I-SERMs) with agonist or antagonist activity is required to pursue improved pharmacological control of ERs, especially taking into account emerging evidence for the beneficial role of vascular ER alpha activation. Ideally, the quest for unique ER ligands targeted to the vascular wall should lead to compounds that merge the pharmacological profiles of SERM and I-SERM agents. This review highlights the current bases for and approaches to selective ER modulation in the cardiovascular system.

Selective agonists of estrogen receptor isoforms : new perspectives for cardiovascular disease / C. Bolego, E. Vegeto, C. Pinna, A. Maggi, A. Cignarella. - In: ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, THROMBOSIS, AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY. - ISSN 1079-5642. - 26:10(2006), pp. 2192-2199. [10.1161/01.ATV.0000242186.93243.25]

Selective agonists of estrogen receptor isoforms : new perspectives for cardiovascular disease

C. Bolego
Primo
;
E. Vegeto
Secondo
;
C. Pinna;A. Maggi
Penultimo
;
A. Cignarella
Ultimo
2006

Abstract

The cloning of estrogen receptors (ERs) and generation of ER-deficient mice have increased our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular effects of estrogen. It is conceivable that clinical trials of estrogens so far failed to improve cardiovascular health because of the poor ER isoform selectivity and tissue specificity of endogenous hormones as well as incorrect treatment timing and regimens. Tissue-selective ER modulators (SERMs) may be safer agents than endogenous estrogens for cardiovascular disease. Yet, designing isoform-selective ER ligands (I-SERMs) with agonist or antagonist activity is required to pursue improved pharmacological control of ERs, especially taking into account emerging evidence for the beneficial role of vascular ER alpha activation. Ideally, the quest for unique ER ligands targeted to the vascular wall should lead to compounds that merge the pharmacological profiles of SERM and I-SERM agents. This review highlights the current bases for and approaches to selective ER modulation in the cardiovascular system.
estrogen receptor; SERM; selective ER ligands; arterial wall; vascular protection
Settore BIO/15 - Biologia Farmaceutica
Settore BIO/14 - Farmacologia
2006
Article (author)
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/43098
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