The main aim of this thesis is to explore new aspects of the innate immune response in ruminants, especially focusing on the role of adipose tissue. Particularly, adipose tissue was investigated in order to provide new information in a species where this tissue is very poorly characterised. In ruminants, fat tissues play important biological roles for animal health for quality and gain in meat and milk production as well. A specific knowledge of how these pathways are controlled is of key importance for the management of animal health and from an economical perspective. Nevertheless, existing studies are mostly carried out in humans, where obesity is a major issue and little is known about ruminants. In this thesis, the distribution of white and brown adipose tissue in several adipose deposits was investigated through UCP1 expression and general histology, showing a clear distinction between these two macroareas, with brown adipose tissue mostly present in visceral deposits. With our study, we also demonstrated the presence of brown adipose tissue in 30 days old goat kids and therefore the presence of this tissue in growing animals and not only in newborns. In addition, visceral and subcutaneous deposits were investigated with proteomic techniques, demonstrating that these two macroareas can be clearly distinguished by their proteomic profiles, but single deposits within the same macroarea do not display particular proteomic differences. Moreover, we demonstrated the involvement of adipose tissue of goat kids in inflammatory and immune response pathways, through expression of at least 27 immune related proteins, of which nine, namely ceruloplasmin, gamma fibrinogen, hemopexin, kininogen 1, lactoferrin, protein dj, thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, tumour translationally controlled 1 and valacyclovir hydrolase, were never investigated before in adipose tissue. At a later stage, we focused our attention only on visceral adipose tissue, particularly on omentum, demonstrating that maternal diets enriched with either saturated or unsaturated fatty acid influence goat kid omentum proteome, but these influence is not confirmed at mRNA expression level. In addition, no influence of the maternal diet is showed on BAT distribution in goat kids.

MOLECULAR BASIS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE IN RUMINANTS: FOCUS ON ADIPOSE TISSUE / L. Restelli ; tutor: V. Bronzo ; supervisore: F. Ceciliani ; coordinatore: F. Gandolfi. DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE VETERINARIE PER LA SALUTE, LA PRODUZIONE ANIMALE E LA SICUREZZA ALIMENTARE, 2014 Feb 07. 26. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2013. [10.13130/restelli-laura_phd2014-02-07].

MOLECULAR BASIS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE IN RUMINANTS: FOCUS ON ADIPOSE TISSUE

L. Restelli
2014

Abstract

The main aim of this thesis is to explore new aspects of the innate immune response in ruminants, especially focusing on the role of adipose tissue. Particularly, adipose tissue was investigated in order to provide new information in a species where this tissue is very poorly characterised. In ruminants, fat tissues play important biological roles for animal health for quality and gain in meat and milk production as well. A specific knowledge of how these pathways are controlled is of key importance for the management of animal health and from an economical perspective. Nevertheless, existing studies are mostly carried out in humans, where obesity is a major issue and little is known about ruminants. In this thesis, the distribution of white and brown adipose tissue in several adipose deposits was investigated through UCP1 expression and general histology, showing a clear distinction between these two macroareas, with brown adipose tissue mostly present in visceral deposits. With our study, we also demonstrated the presence of brown adipose tissue in 30 days old goat kids and therefore the presence of this tissue in growing animals and not only in newborns. In addition, visceral and subcutaneous deposits were investigated with proteomic techniques, demonstrating that these two macroareas can be clearly distinguished by their proteomic profiles, but single deposits within the same macroarea do not display particular proteomic differences. Moreover, we demonstrated the involvement of adipose tissue of goat kids in inflammatory and immune response pathways, through expression of at least 27 immune related proteins, of which nine, namely ceruloplasmin, gamma fibrinogen, hemopexin, kininogen 1, lactoferrin, protein dj, thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, tumour translationally controlled 1 and valacyclovir hydrolase, were never investigated before in adipose tissue. At a later stage, we focused our attention only on visceral adipose tissue, particularly on omentum, demonstrating that maternal diets enriched with either saturated or unsaturated fatty acid influence goat kid omentum proteome, but these influence is not confirmed at mRNA expression level. In addition, no influence of the maternal diet is showed on BAT distribution in goat kids.
7-feb-2014
Settore VET/03 - Patologia Generale e Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria
Settore VET/05 - Malattie Infettive degli Animali Domestici
visceral adipose tissue ; subcutaneous adipose tissue ; brown adipose tissue ; uncoupling protein 1 ; proteomics ; maternal diet ; goat
BRONZO, VALERIO
CECILIANI, FABRIZIO
GANDOLFI, FULVIO
Doctoral Thesis
MOLECULAR BASIS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE IN RUMINANTS: FOCUS ON ADIPOSE TISSUE / L. Restelli ; tutor: V. Bronzo ; supervisore: F. Ceciliani ; coordinatore: F. Gandolfi. DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE VETERINARIE PER LA SALUTE, LA PRODUZIONE ANIMALE E LA SICUREZZA ALIMENTARE, 2014 Feb 07. 26. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2013. [10.13130/restelli-laura_phd2014-02-07].
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/230861
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