An opsin encoding cDNA was cloned from the marine alga Acetabularia acetabulum. The cDNA was expressed in Xenopus oocytes into functional Acetabularia rhodopsin (AR) mediating H+ carried outward photocurrents of up to 1.2 µA with an action spectrum maximum at 518 nm (AR518). AR is the first ion pumping rhodopsin found in a plant organism. Steady-state photocurrents of AR are always positive and rise sigmoidally from negative to positive trans-membrane voltages. Numerous kinetic details (amplitudes and time constants), including voltage dependent recovery of the dark state after light-off, are documented with respect to their sensitivities to light, internal and external pH, and the trans-membrane voltage. The results are analyzed by enzyme kinetic formalisms using a simplified version of the known photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin (BR). Blue-light causes a shunt of the photocycle under H+ reuptake from the extracellular side. Similarities and differences of AR with BR are pointed out. This detailed electrophysiological characterization highlights voltage dependencies in catalytic membrane processes of this eucaryotic, H+ pumping rhodopsin and of microbial-type rhodopsins in general.
H+ pumping rhodopsin from the marine alga Acetabularia / S.P. Tsunoda, D. Ewers, S. Gazzarrini, A. Moroni, D. Gradmann, P. Hegemann. - In: BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL. - ISSN 0006-3495. - 92:2(2006), pp. 697-697.
H+ pumping rhodopsin from the marine alga Acetabularia
S. Gazzarrini;A. Moroni;
2006
Abstract
An opsin encoding cDNA was cloned from the marine alga Acetabularia acetabulum. The cDNA was expressed in Xenopus oocytes into functional Acetabularia rhodopsin (AR) mediating H+ carried outward photocurrents of up to 1.2 µA with an action spectrum maximum at 518 nm (AR518). AR is the first ion pumping rhodopsin found in a plant organism. Steady-state photocurrents of AR are always positive and rise sigmoidally from negative to positive trans-membrane voltages. Numerous kinetic details (amplitudes and time constants), including voltage dependent recovery of the dark state after light-off, are documented with respect to their sensitivities to light, internal and external pH, and the trans-membrane voltage. The results are analyzed by enzyme kinetic formalisms using a simplified version of the known photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin (BR). Blue-light causes a shunt of the photocycle under H+ reuptake from the extracellular side. Similarities and differences of AR with BR are pointed out. This detailed electrophysiological characterization highlights voltage dependencies in catalytic membrane processes of this eucaryotic, H+ pumping rhodopsin and of microbial-type rhodopsins in general.Pubblicazioni consigliate
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