The standardition of results on hair testing for drugs of abuse : an interlaboratory exercise in Lombardy Region, Italy

Hair testing for drugs of abuse is performed in Lombardy by eleven analytical laboratories accredited for forensic purposes, the most frequent purposes being driving license regranting and workplace drug testing. Individuals undergoing hair testing for these can choose the laboratory in which the analyses have to be carried out. The aim of our study was to perform an interlaboratory exercise in order to verify the lvel of standardization of hair testing for drugs of abuse in these accredited laboratories; nine out of the eleven laboratories partecipated in this exercise. sixteen hair strands coming from different subjects were longitudinally divided in 3-4 aliquots and distributed to partecipating laboratories, which were requested to apply their routine methods. All the partecipants analyzed opiates (morphine and 6-acetylmorphine) and cocainics (cocaine and benzoylecgonine) while only six analyzed methadone and amphetamines (amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDMA, MDA and MDEA) and five Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The majority of the partecipants (seven labs) performed acidic hydrolysis to extract the drugs from the hair and analysis by GC/MS, while two labs used LC-MS/MS. Eight laboratories performed initial screening tests by Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Technique (EMIT), Enzyme -linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) or Cloned Enzyme Donor Immunoassay (CEDIA). Results demonstrated a good a good qualitative performance for all the partecipants, since no false positive results were reported by any of them. Quantitative data were quite scattered, but less in samples with low concentrations of analytes than in those with higher concentrations. Results from this first regional interlaboratory exercise show that, on the one hand, individuals undergoing hair testing would have obtained the same qualitative results in any of the nine laboratories. On the other hand, the scatter in quantitative results could cause some inequalities if any interpretation of the data is required.