Although chick embryos have been used widely as model systems for studies in experimental embryology and teratology, it is only in the '70s that Bloom and co-workers (1) developed a chick embryo cytogenetic test (CECT) to detect the genetic damage resulting from exposure to radiation and chemicals. Early in chick development when no definite liver is present, mixed-function oxidase activity is expressed and various types of mutagen-carcinogens are activated to genotoxic forms. In this lab the CECT has been adapted for studying the genetic activity of xenobiotics of environmental relevance: genotoxicity is determined using SCE or chromosome aberration end point and cytotoxicity is assessed using cell cycle kinetics and mitotic index endpoints. Treatment is usually performed before incubation and metaphases are harvested at different times of development. It is possible to perform treatments externally to reproduce a major route of contamination in the wild, or by injection into the air cell so to dose embryos accurately. With the CECT, three pesticides have been evaluated: maneb, a fungicide, and two phenoxy herbicides (MCPA and 2.4-D) and more recently the plasticizer DEHP. These studies along with the work of Bloom shows that this in vivo test system has good potentialities for evaluating the genotoxic risk posed to avian species by xenobiotics. 1 Bloom, S.E. & Hsu , T.C. Chromosoma 51: 261-267 (1975)

The chick embryo cytogenetic test: experience with agrochemicals and phthalates / E. Arias. ((Intervento presentato al 20. convegno Congresso S.It.E. tenutosi a Roma nel 2010.

The chick embryo cytogenetic test: experience with agrochemicals and phthalates

E. Arias
Primo
2010

Abstract

Although chick embryos have been used widely as model systems for studies in experimental embryology and teratology, it is only in the '70s that Bloom and co-workers (1) developed a chick embryo cytogenetic test (CECT) to detect the genetic damage resulting from exposure to radiation and chemicals. Early in chick development when no definite liver is present, mixed-function oxidase activity is expressed and various types of mutagen-carcinogens are activated to genotoxic forms. In this lab the CECT has been adapted for studying the genetic activity of xenobiotics of environmental relevance: genotoxicity is determined using SCE or chromosome aberration end point and cytotoxicity is assessed using cell cycle kinetics and mitotic index endpoints. Treatment is usually performed before incubation and metaphases are harvested at different times of development. It is possible to perform treatments externally to reproduce a major route of contamination in the wild, or by injection into the air cell so to dose embryos accurately. With the CECT, three pesticides have been evaluated: maneb, a fungicide, and two phenoxy herbicides (MCPA and 2.4-D) and more recently the plasticizer DEHP. These studies along with the work of Bloom shows that this in vivo test system has good potentialities for evaluating the genotoxic risk posed to avian species by xenobiotics. 1 Bloom, S.E. & Hsu , T.C. Chromosoma 51: 261-267 (1975)
29-set-2010
Settore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata e Citologia
The chick embryo cytogenetic test: experience with agrochemicals and phthalates / E. Arias. ((Intervento presentato al 20. convegno Congresso S.It.E. tenutosi a Roma nel 2010.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/152581
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