Background: A direct relation exists between sodium and calcium excretion, but randomized studies evaluating the sustained effect of a low-salt diet on idiopathic hypercalciuria, one of the main risk factors for calcium-oxalate stone formation, are still lacking. Objective: Our goal was to evaluate the effect of a low-salt diet on urinary calcium excretion in patients affected by idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis. Design: Patients affected by idiopathic calcium stone disease and hypercalciuria (>300 mg Ca/d in men and >250 mg Ca/d in women) were randomly assigned to receive either water therapy alone (control diet) or water therapy and a low-salt diet (low-sodium diet) for 3 mo. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were obtained twice from all patients: one sample at baseline on a free diet and one sample after 3 mo of treatment. Results: A total of 210 patients were randomly assigned to receive a control diet (n = 102) or a low-sodium diet (n = 108); 13 patients (2 on the control diet, 11 on the low-sodium diet) withdrew from the trial. At the follow-up visit, patients on the low-sodium diet had lower urinary sodium (mean ± SD: 68 ± 43 mmol/d at 3 mo compared with 228 ± 57 mmol/d at baseline; P < 0.001). Concomitant with this change, they showed lower urinary calcium (271 ± 86 mg/d at 3 mo compared with 361 ± 129 mg/d on the control diet, P < 0.001) and lower oxalate excretion (28 ± 8 mg/d at 3 mo compared with 32 ± 10 mg/d on the control diet, P = 0.001). Urinary calcium was within the normal range in 61.9% of the patients on the low-salt diet and in 34.0% of those on the control diet (difference: +27.9%; 95% CI: +14.4%, +41.3%; P < 0.001). Conclusion: A low-salt diet can reduce calcium excretion in hypercalciuric stone formers. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01005082.

Effects of a low-salt diet on idiopathic hypercalciuria in calcium-oxalate stone formers : a 3-mo randomized controlled trial / A. Nouvenne, T. Meschi, B. Prati, A. Guerra, F. Allegri, G. Vezzoli, L. Soldati, G. Gambaro, U. Maggiore, L. Borghi. - In: THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION. - ISSN 0002-9165. - 91:3(2010 Mar), pp. 565-570.

Effects of a low-salt diet on idiopathic hypercalciuria in calcium-oxalate stone formers : a 3-mo randomized controlled trial

L. Soldati;
2010

Abstract

Background: A direct relation exists between sodium and calcium excretion, but randomized studies evaluating the sustained effect of a low-salt diet on idiopathic hypercalciuria, one of the main risk factors for calcium-oxalate stone formation, are still lacking. Objective: Our goal was to evaluate the effect of a low-salt diet on urinary calcium excretion in patients affected by idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis. Design: Patients affected by idiopathic calcium stone disease and hypercalciuria (>300 mg Ca/d in men and >250 mg Ca/d in women) were randomly assigned to receive either water therapy alone (control diet) or water therapy and a low-salt diet (low-sodium diet) for 3 mo. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were obtained twice from all patients: one sample at baseline on a free diet and one sample after 3 mo of treatment. Results: A total of 210 patients were randomly assigned to receive a control diet (n = 102) or a low-sodium diet (n = 108); 13 patients (2 on the control diet, 11 on the low-sodium diet) withdrew from the trial. At the follow-up visit, patients on the low-sodium diet had lower urinary sodium (mean ± SD: 68 ± 43 mmol/d at 3 mo compared with 228 ± 57 mmol/d at baseline; P < 0.001). Concomitant with this change, they showed lower urinary calcium (271 ± 86 mg/d at 3 mo compared with 361 ± 129 mg/d on the control diet, P < 0.001) and lower oxalate excretion (28 ± 8 mg/d at 3 mo compared with 32 ± 10 mg/d on the control diet, P = 0.001). Urinary calcium was within the normal range in 61.9% of the patients on the low-salt diet and in 34.0% of those on the control diet (difference: +27.9%; 95% CI: +14.4%, +41.3%; P < 0.001). Conclusion: A low-salt diet can reduce calcium excretion in hypercalciuric stone formers. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01005082.
Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna
Settore MED/14 - Nefrologia
Settore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche Applicate
mar-2010
Article (author)
File in questo prodotto:
Non ci sono file associati a questo prodotto.
Pubblicazioni consigliate

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2434/150254
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? 43
  • Scopus 123
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 110
social impact